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Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 2 in Wild Boar and Domestic Pigs in Ukraine

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is responsible for a number of porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD) that can severely impact domestic pig herds. For a non-enveloped virus with a small genome (1.7 kb ssDNA), PCV2 is remarkably diverse, with eight genotypes (a–h). New genotypes of PCV2 can...

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Autores principales: Rudova, Nataliia, Buttler, Jeremy, Kovalenko, Ganna, Sushko, Mykola, Bolotin, Vitaliy, Muzykina, Larysa, Zinenko, Oleksandr, Stegniy, Borys, Dunaiev, Yurii, Sytiuk, Mykola, Gerilovych, Anton, Drown, Devin M., Bortz, Eric, Solodiankin, Oleksii
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9142977/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35632666
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14050924
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author Rudova, Nataliia
Buttler, Jeremy
Kovalenko, Ganna
Sushko, Mykola
Bolotin, Vitaliy
Muzykina, Larysa
Zinenko, Oleksandr
Stegniy, Borys
Dunaiev, Yurii
Sytiuk, Mykola
Gerilovych, Anton
Drown, Devin M.
Bortz, Eric
Solodiankin, Oleksii
author_facet Rudova, Nataliia
Buttler, Jeremy
Kovalenko, Ganna
Sushko, Mykola
Bolotin, Vitaliy
Muzykina, Larysa
Zinenko, Oleksandr
Stegniy, Borys
Dunaiev, Yurii
Sytiuk, Mykola
Gerilovych, Anton
Drown, Devin M.
Bortz, Eric
Solodiankin, Oleksii
author_sort Rudova, Nataliia
collection PubMed
description Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is responsible for a number of porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD) that can severely impact domestic pig herds. For a non-enveloped virus with a small genome (1.7 kb ssDNA), PCV2 is remarkably diverse, with eight genotypes (a–h). New genotypes of PCV2 can spread through the migration of wild boar, which are thought to infect domestic pigs and spread further through the domestic pig trade. Despite a large swine population, the diversity of PCV2 genotypes in Ukraine has been under-sampled, with few PCV2 genome sequences reported in the past decade. To gain a deeper understanding of PCV2 genotype diversity in Ukraine, samples of blood serum were collected from wild boars (n = 107) that were hunted in Ukraine during the November–December 2012 hunting season. We found 34/107 (31.8%) prevalence of PCV2 by diagnostic PCR. For domestic pigs, liver samples (n = 16) were collected from a commercial market near Kharkiv in 2019, of which 6 out of 16 (37%) samples were positive for PCV2. We sequenced the genotyping locus ORF2, a gene encoding the PCV2 viral capsid (Cap), for 11 wild boar and six domestic pig samples in Ukraine using an Oxford Nanopore MinION device. Of 17 samples with resolved genotypes, the PCV2 genotype b was the most common in wild boar samples (10 out of 11, 91%), while the domestic pigs were infected with genotypes b and d. We also detected genotype b/d and b/a co-infections in wild boars and domestic pigs, respectively, and for the first time in Ukraine we detected genotype f in a wild boar from Poltava. Building a maximum-likelihood phylogeny, we identified a sublineage of PCV2 genotype b infections in both wild and domestic swine, suggesting a possible epizootic cluster and an ecological interaction between wild boar and domestic pig populations in northeastern Ukraine.
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spelling pubmed-91429772022-05-29 Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 2 in Wild Boar and Domestic Pigs in Ukraine Rudova, Nataliia Buttler, Jeremy Kovalenko, Ganna Sushko, Mykola Bolotin, Vitaliy Muzykina, Larysa Zinenko, Oleksandr Stegniy, Borys Dunaiev, Yurii Sytiuk, Mykola Gerilovych, Anton Drown, Devin M. Bortz, Eric Solodiankin, Oleksii Viruses Article Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is responsible for a number of porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD) that can severely impact domestic pig herds. For a non-enveloped virus with a small genome (1.7 kb ssDNA), PCV2 is remarkably diverse, with eight genotypes (a–h). New genotypes of PCV2 can spread through the migration of wild boar, which are thought to infect domestic pigs and spread further through the domestic pig trade. Despite a large swine population, the diversity of PCV2 genotypes in Ukraine has been under-sampled, with few PCV2 genome sequences reported in the past decade. To gain a deeper understanding of PCV2 genotype diversity in Ukraine, samples of blood serum were collected from wild boars (n = 107) that were hunted in Ukraine during the November–December 2012 hunting season. We found 34/107 (31.8%) prevalence of PCV2 by diagnostic PCR. For domestic pigs, liver samples (n = 16) were collected from a commercial market near Kharkiv in 2019, of which 6 out of 16 (37%) samples were positive for PCV2. We sequenced the genotyping locus ORF2, a gene encoding the PCV2 viral capsid (Cap), for 11 wild boar and six domestic pig samples in Ukraine using an Oxford Nanopore MinION device. Of 17 samples with resolved genotypes, the PCV2 genotype b was the most common in wild boar samples (10 out of 11, 91%), while the domestic pigs were infected with genotypes b and d. We also detected genotype b/d and b/a co-infections in wild boars and domestic pigs, respectively, and for the first time in Ukraine we detected genotype f in a wild boar from Poltava. Building a maximum-likelihood phylogeny, we identified a sublineage of PCV2 genotype b infections in both wild and domestic swine, suggesting a possible epizootic cluster and an ecological interaction between wild boar and domestic pig populations in northeastern Ukraine. MDPI 2022-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9142977/ /pubmed/35632666 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14050924 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rudova, Nataliia
Buttler, Jeremy
Kovalenko, Ganna
Sushko, Mykola
Bolotin, Vitaliy
Muzykina, Larysa
Zinenko, Oleksandr
Stegniy, Borys
Dunaiev, Yurii
Sytiuk, Mykola
Gerilovych, Anton
Drown, Devin M.
Bortz, Eric
Solodiankin, Oleksii
Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 2 in Wild Boar and Domestic Pigs in Ukraine
title Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 2 in Wild Boar and Domestic Pigs in Ukraine
title_full Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 2 in Wild Boar and Domestic Pigs in Ukraine
title_fullStr Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 2 in Wild Boar and Domestic Pigs in Ukraine
title_full_unstemmed Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 2 in Wild Boar and Domestic Pigs in Ukraine
title_short Genetic Diversity of Porcine Circovirus 2 in Wild Boar and Domestic Pigs in Ukraine
title_sort genetic diversity of porcine circovirus 2 in wild boar and domestic pigs in ukraine
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9142977/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35632666
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14050924
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