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Sex-Specific Difference in the Effect of Altitude on Sleep and Nocturnal Breathing in Young Healthy Volunteers

Importance: To date, there is no established evidence of sex-specific differences in altitude-induced sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) during polysomnography-confirmed sleep. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether differences in sex play a pivotal role in incidences of SDB and a...

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Autores principales: Li, Taomei, Tan, Lu, Furian, Michael, Zhang, Yanyan, Luo, Lian, Lei, Fei, Xue, Xiaofang, He, Jiaming, Tang, Xiangdong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9143383/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35628996
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11102869
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author Li, Taomei
Tan, Lu
Furian, Michael
Zhang, Yanyan
Luo, Lian
Lei, Fei
Xue, Xiaofang
He, Jiaming
Tang, Xiangdong
author_facet Li, Taomei
Tan, Lu
Furian, Michael
Zhang, Yanyan
Luo, Lian
Lei, Fei
Xue, Xiaofang
He, Jiaming
Tang, Xiangdong
author_sort Li, Taomei
collection PubMed
description Importance: To date, there is no established evidence of sex-specific differences in altitude-induced sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) during polysomnography-confirmed sleep. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether differences in sex play a pivotal role in incidences of SDB and acute mountain sickness (AMS) when staying overnight at high altitude. Design: This was a prospective cohort study. Setting: Participants underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG) and clinical assessment in a sleep laboratory at 500 m and two consecutive days at 3270 m. Participants: The participants comprised 28 (18 women) healthy, young, low-altitude residents with a median (interquartile range) age of 26.0 (25.0, 28.0) years. Exposures: Altitude exposure. Main outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was altitude-induced change in the PSG-confirmed apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) at 3270 m compared to 500 m between men and women. Secondary outcomes included sex differences in other parameters related to SDB, sleep structure, AMS, psychomotor vigilance test reaction time and parameters from arterial and venous blood analyses. Results: The median (interquartile range) AHIs at 500 m and 3270 m on night 1 and on night 2 were 6.5/h (3.6, 9.1), 23.7/h (16.2, 42.5) and 15.2/h (11.8, 20.9) in men, respectively, and 2.2/h (1.0, 5.5), 8.0/h (5.3, 17.0) and 7.1/h (4.9, 11.5) in women, respectively (p < 0.05 nights 1 and 2 at 3270 m vs. 500 m in men and women). The median difference (95% CI) of altitude-induced change in AHI (3270 m night 1 compared to 500 m) between men and women was 11.2/h (1.9 to 19.6) (p < 0.05). Over the time course of 2 days at 3270 m, 9 out of 18 (50%) women and 1 out of 10 (10%) men developed AMS (p < 0.05 women versus men). Conclusions and Relevance: This prospective cohort study showed that men were more susceptible to altitude-induced SDB but that they had a lower AMS incidence when staying for 2 days at 3270 m than women. These findings indicate that sex-related prevention and intervention strategies against SDB and AMS are highly warranted. Trial Registration: This trial was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; No. ChiCTR1800020155.
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spelling pubmed-91433832022-05-29 Sex-Specific Difference in the Effect of Altitude on Sleep and Nocturnal Breathing in Young Healthy Volunteers Li, Taomei Tan, Lu Furian, Michael Zhang, Yanyan Luo, Lian Lei, Fei Xue, Xiaofang He, Jiaming Tang, Xiangdong J Clin Med Article Importance: To date, there is no established evidence of sex-specific differences in altitude-induced sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) during polysomnography-confirmed sleep. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether differences in sex play a pivotal role in incidences of SDB and acute mountain sickness (AMS) when staying overnight at high altitude. Design: This was a prospective cohort study. Setting: Participants underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG) and clinical assessment in a sleep laboratory at 500 m and two consecutive days at 3270 m. Participants: The participants comprised 28 (18 women) healthy, young, low-altitude residents with a median (interquartile range) age of 26.0 (25.0, 28.0) years. Exposures: Altitude exposure. Main outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was altitude-induced change in the PSG-confirmed apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) at 3270 m compared to 500 m between men and women. Secondary outcomes included sex differences in other parameters related to SDB, sleep structure, AMS, psychomotor vigilance test reaction time and parameters from arterial and venous blood analyses. Results: The median (interquartile range) AHIs at 500 m and 3270 m on night 1 and on night 2 were 6.5/h (3.6, 9.1), 23.7/h (16.2, 42.5) and 15.2/h (11.8, 20.9) in men, respectively, and 2.2/h (1.0, 5.5), 8.0/h (5.3, 17.0) and 7.1/h (4.9, 11.5) in women, respectively (p < 0.05 nights 1 and 2 at 3270 m vs. 500 m in men and women). The median difference (95% CI) of altitude-induced change in AHI (3270 m night 1 compared to 500 m) between men and women was 11.2/h (1.9 to 19.6) (p < 0.05). Over the time course of 2 days at 3270 m, 9 out of 18 (50%) women and 1 out of 10 (10%) men developed AMS (p < 0.05 women versus men). Conclusions and Relevance: This prospective cohort study showed that men were more susceptible to altitude-induced SDB but that they had a lower AMS incidence when staying for 2 days at 3270 m than women. These findings indicate that sex-related prevention and intervention strategies against SDB and AMS are highly warranted. Trial Registration: This trial was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; No. ChiCTR1800020155. MDPI 2022-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9143383/ /pubmed/35628996 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11102869 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Li, Taomei
Tan, Lu
Furian, Michael
Zhang, Yanyan
Luo, Lian
Lei, Fei
Xue, Xiaofang
He, Jiaming
Tang, Xiangdong
Sex-Specific Difference in the Effect of Altitude on Sleep and Nocturnal Breathing in Young Healthy Volunteers
title Sex-Specific Difference in the Effect of Altitude on Sleep and Nocturnal Breathing in Young Healthy Volunteers
title_full Sex-Specific Difference in the Effect of Altitude on Sleep and Nocturnal Breathing in Young Healthy Volunteers
title_fullStr Sex-Specific Difference in the Effect of Altitude on Sleep and Nocturnal Breathing in Young Healthy Volunteers
title_full_unstemmed Sex-Specific Difference in the Effect of Altitude on Sleep and Nocturnal Breathing in Young Healthy Volunteers
title_short Sex-Specific Difference in the Effect of Altitude on Sleep and Nocturnal Breathing in Young Healthy Volunteers
title_sort sex-specific difference in the effect of altitude on sleep and nocturnal breathing in young healthy volunteers
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9143383/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35628996
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11102869
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