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Antibacterial Effects of Commiphora gileadensis Methanolic Extract on Wound Healing
Commiphora gileadensis (CG) is a small tree distributed throughout the Middle East. It was traditionally used in perfumes in countries in this area. In Saudi Arabia, it was used to treat wounds burns and as an antidote to scorpion stings. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and c...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9143547/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35630797 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27103320 |
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author | Alhazmi, Ayman Aldairi, Abdullah F. Alghamdi, Ahmad Alomery, Anas Mujalli, Abdulrahman Obaid, Ahmad A. Farrash, Wesam F. Allahyani, Mamdouh Halawani, Ibrahim Aljuaid, Abdulelah Alharbi, Sarah A. Almehmadi, Mazen Alharbi, Moodi S. Khan, Anmar A. Jastaniah, Maisam A. Alghamdi, Abdulrhman |
author_facet | Alhazmi, Ayman Aldairi, Abdullah F. Alghamdi, Ahmad Alomery, Anas Mujalli, Abdulrahman Obaid, Ahmad A. Farrash, Wesam F. Allahyani, Mamdouh Halawani, Ibrahim Aljuaid, Abdulelah Alharbi, Sarah A. Almehmadi, Mazen Alharbi, Moodi S. Khan, Anmar A. Jastaniah, Maisam A. Alghamdi, Abdulrhman |
author_sort | Alhazmi, Ayman |
collection | PubMed |
description | Commiphora gileadensis (CG) is a small tree distributed throughout the Middle East. It was traditionally used in perfumes in countries in this area. In Saudi Arabia, it was used to treat wounds burns and as an antidote to scorpion stings. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and cutaneous wound healing efficiency of the CG extracts using microbiological tests, rate of wound contraction and histopathological changes. CG plant were extracted using the methanol extraction technique; then, the methanolic extract was characterized using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Afterwards, a six-millimetre (mm) excision wound was induced in 60 male Balb/c mice. Mice were classified into two classes; each class consisted of three groups of 10 mice. In the non-infected wound class, the group I was assigned as control and received normal saline. Group II received gentamicin treatment, and group III treated with CG-methanolic extract. In the Staphylococcus aureus-infected class, group IV received normal saline, and groups V and VI were treated with gentamicin and CG-methanolic extract, respectively. The colonization of infected wounds was determined using colony-forming units (CFUs), and the percentage of wound contraction was measured in all groups. Finally, the histopathologic semi-quantitative determination of wound healing was evaluated by inflammatory cell infiltration, the presence of collagen fibres and granulation tissue, and the grade of re-epithelization. Composition analysis of the methanolic extract confirmed the presence of a high amount of ceramide (69%) and, to a lesser extent, hexosylceramide (18%) and phosphatidylethanolamine (7%) of the total amount. Additionally, there was a statistically significant difference between the percentage of wound contraction in the CG-treated and control groups in both Staphylococcus aureus-infected and non-infected wounds (p < 0.01). The colonization of the infected wounds was lower in the group treated with CG than in the control group (p < 0.01). In both non-infected and infected wounds, the CG-treated group showed significant statistical differences in inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen fibres, re-epithelization and granulation tissue formation compared with the control group (p < 0.01). The CG extract possesses antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties that induce wound healing. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9143547 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91435472022-05-29 Antibacterial Effects of Commiphora gileadensis Methanolic Extract on Wound Healing Alhazmi, Ayman Aldairi, Abdullah F. Alghamdi, Ahmad Alomery, Anas Mujalli, Abdulrahman Obaid, Ahmad A. Farrash, Wesam F. Allahyani, Mamdouh Halawani, Ibrahim Aljuaid, Abdulelah Alharbi, Sarah A. Almehmadi, Mazen Alharbi, Moodi S. Khan, Anmar A. Jastaniah, Maisam A. Alghamdi, Abdulrhman Molecules Article Commiphora gileadensis (CG) is a small tree distributed throughout the Middle East. It was traditionally used in perfumes in countries in this area. In Saudi Arabia, it was used to treat wounds burns and as an antidote to scorpion stings. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and cutaneous wound healing efficiency of the CG extracts using microbiological tests, rate of wound contraction and histopathological changes. CG plant were extracted using the methanol extraction technique; then, the methanolic extract was characterized using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Afterwards, a six-millimetre (mm) excision wound was induced in 60 male Balb/c mice. Mice were classified into two classes; each class consisted of three groups of 10 mice. In the non-infected wound class, the group I was assigned as control and received normal saline. Group II received gentamicin treatment, and group III treated with CG-methanolic extract. In the Staphylococcus aureus-infected class, group IV received normal saline, and groups V and VI were treated with gentamicin and CG-methanolic extract, respectively. The colonization of infected wounds was determined using colony-forming units (CFUs), and the percentage of wound contraction was measured in all groups. Finally, the histopathologic semi-quantitative determination of wound healing was evaluated by inflammatory cell infiltration, the presence of collagen fibres and granulation tissue, and the grade of re-epithelization. Composition analysis of the methanolic extract confirmed the presence of a high amount of ceramide (69%) and, to a lesser extent, hexosylceramide (18%) and phosphatidylethanolamine (7%) of the total amount. Additionally, there was a statistically significant difference between the percentage of wound contraction in the CG-treated and control groups in both Staphylococcus aureus-infected and non-infected wounds (p < 0.01). The colonization of the infected wounds was lower in the group treated with CG than in the control group (p < 0.01). In both non-infected and infected wounds, the CG-treated group showed significant statistical differences in inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen fibres, re-epithelization and granulation tissue formation compared with the control group (p < 0.01). The CG extract possesses antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties that induce wound healing. MDPI 2022-05-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9143547/ /pubmed/35630797 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27103320 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Alhazmi, Ayman Aldairi, Abdullah F. Alghamdi, Ahmad Alomery, Anas Mujalli, Abdulrahman Obaid, Ahmad A. Farrash, Wesam F. Allahyani, Mamdouh Halawani, Ibrahim Aljuaid, Abdulelah Alharbi, Sarah A. Almehmadi, Mazen Alharbi, Moodi S. Khan, Anmar A. Jastaniah, Maisam A. Alghamdi, Abdulrhman Antibacterial Effects of Commiphora gileadensis Methanolic Extract on Wound Healing |
title | Antibacterial Effects of Commiphora gileadensis Methanolic Extract on Wound Healing |
title_full | Antibacterial Effects of Commiphora gileadensis Methanolic Extract on Wound Healing |
title_fullStr | Antibacterial Effects of Commiphora gileadensis Methanolic Extract on Wound Healing |
title_full_unstemmed | Antibacterial Effects of Commiphora gileadensis Methanolic Extract on Wound Healing |
title_short | Antibacterial Effects of Commiphora gileadensis Methanolic Extract on Wound Healing |
title_sort | antibacterial effects of commiphora gileadensis methanolic extract on wound healing |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9143547/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35630797 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27103320 |
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