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Alternate Wetting and Drying in the Center of Portugal: Effects on Water and Rice Productivity and Contribution to Development
Rice irrigation by continuous flooding is highly water demanding in comparison with most methods applied in the irrigation of other crops, due to a significant deep percolation and surface drainage of paddies. The pollution of water resources and methane emissions are other environmental problems of...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9144430/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35632045 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22103632 |
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author | Gonçalves, José Manuel Nunes, Manuel Ferreira, Susana Jordão, António Paixão, José Eugénio, Rui Russo, António Damásio, Henrique Duarte, Isabel Maria Bahcevandziev, Kiril |
author_facet | Gonçalves, José Manuel Nunes, Manuel Ferreira, Susana Jordão, António Paixão, José Eugénio, Rui Russo, António Damásio, Henrique Duarte, Isabel Maria Bahcevandziev, Kiril |
author_sort | Gonçalves, José Manuel |
collection | PubMed |
description | Rice irrigation by continuous flooding is highly water demanding in comparison with most methods applied in the irrigation of other crops, due to a significant deep percolation and surface drainage of paddies. The pollution of water resources and methane emissions are other environmental problems of rice agroecosystems, which require effective agronomic changes to safeguard its sustainable production. To contribute to this solution, an experimental study of alternate wetting and drying flooding (AWD) was carried out in the Center of Portugal in farmer’s paddies, using the methodology of field irrigation evaluation. The AWD results showed that there is a relevant potential to save about 10% of irrigation water with a reduced yield impact, allowing an additional period of about 10 to 29 days of dry soil. The guidelines to promote the on-farm scale AWD automation were outlined, integrating multiple data sources, to get a safe control of soil water and crop productivity. The conclusions point out the advantages of a significant change in the irrigation procedures, the use of water level sensors to assess the right irrigation scheduling to manage the soil deficit and the mild crop stress during the dry periods, and the development of paddy irrigation supplies, to allow a safe and smart AWD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9144430 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91444302022-05-29 Alternate Wetting and Drying in the Center of Portugal: Effects on Water and Rice Productivity and Contribution to Development Gonçalves, José Manuel Nunes, Manuel Ferreira, Susana Jordão, António Paixão, José Eugénio, Rui Russo, António Damásio, Henrique Duarte, Isabel Maria Bahcevandziev, Kiril Sensors (Basel) Article Rice irrigation by continuous flooding is highly water demanding in comparison with most methods applied in the irrigation of other crops, due to a significant deep percolation and surface drainage of paddies. The pollution of water resources and methane emissions are other environmental problems of rice agroecosystems, which require effective agronomic changes to safeguard its sustainable production. To contribute to this solution, an experimental study of alternate wetting and drying flooding (AWD) was carried out in the Center of Portugal in farmer’s paddies, using the methodology of field irrigation evaluation. The AWD results showed that there is a relevant potential to save about 10% of irrigation water with a reduced yield impact, allowing an additional period of about 10 to 29 days of dry soil. The guidelines to promote the on-farm scale AWD automation were outlined, integrating multiple data sources, to get a safe control of soil water and crop productivity. The conclusions point out the advantages of a significant change in the irrigation procedures, the use of water level sensors to assess the right irrigation scheduling to manage the soil deficit and the mild crop stress during the dry periods, and the development of paddy irrigation supplies, to allow a safe and smart AWD. MDPI 2022-05-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9144430/ /pubmed/35632045 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22103632 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Gonçalves, José Manuel Nunes, Manuel Ferreira, Susana Jordão, António Paixão, José Eugénio, Rui Russo, António Damásio, Henrique Duarte, Isabel Maria Bahcevandziev, Kiril Alternate Wetting and Drying in the Center of Portugal: Effects on Water and Rice Productivity and Contribution to Development |
title | Alternate Wetting and Drying in the Center of Portugal: Effects on Water and Rice Productivity and Contribution to Development |
title_full | Alternate Wetting and Drying in the Center of Portugal: Effects on Water and Rice Productivity and Contribution to Development |
title_fullStr | Alternate Wetting and Drying in the Center of Portugal: Effects on Water and Rice Productivity and Contribution to Development |
title_full_unstemmed | Alternate Wetting and Drying in the Center of Portugal: Effects on Water and Rice Productivity and Contribution to Development |
title_short | Alternate Wetting and Drying in the Center of Portugal: Effects on Water and Rice Productivity and Contribution to Development |
title_sort | alternate wetting and drying in the center of portugal: effects on water and rice productivity and contribution to development |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9144430/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35632045 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22103632 |
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