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Leishmania tarentolae as an Antigen Delivery Platform: Dendritic Cell Maturation after Infection with a Clone Engineered to Express the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein

Background: Protozoa of the genus Leishmania are characterized by their capacity to target macrophages and Dendritic Cells (DCs). These microorganisms could thus be exploited for the delivery of antigens to immune cells. Leishmania tarentolae is regarded as a non-pathogenic species; it was previousl...

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Autores principales: Varotto-Boccazzi, Ilaria, Garziano, Micaela, Cattaneo, Giulia Maria, Bisaglia, Beatrice, Gabrieli, Paolo, Biasin, Mara, Manenti, Alessandro, Rubolini, Diego, Clerici, Mario, Montomoli, Emanuele, Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo, Trabattoni, Daria, Epis, Sara, Bandi, Claudio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9144667/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35632559
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10050803
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author Varotto-Boccazzi, Ilaria
Garziano, Micaela
Cattaneo, Giulia Maria
Bisaglia, Beatrice
Gabrieli, Paolo
Biasin, Mara
Manenti, Alessandro
Rubolini, Diego
Clerici, Mario
Montomoli, Emanuele
Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo
Trabattoni, Daria
Epis, Sara
Bandi, Claudio
author_facet Varotto-Boccazzi, Ilaria
Garziano, Micaela
Cattaneo, Giulia Maria
Bisaglia, Beatrice
Gabrieli, Paolo
Biasin, Mara
Manenti, Alessandro
Rubolini, Diego
Clerici, Mario
Montomoli, Emanuele
Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo
Trabattoni, Daria
Epis, Sara
Bandi, Claudio
author_sort Varotto-Boccazzi, Ilaria
collection PubMed
description Background: Protozoa of the genus Leishmania are characterized by their capacity to target macrophages and Dendritic Cells (DCs). These microorganisms could thus be exploited for the delivery of antigens to immune cells. Leishmania tarentolae is regarded as a non-pathogenic species; it was previously used as a biofactory for protein production and has been considered as a candidate vaccine or as an antigen delivery platform. However, results on the type of immune polarization determined by L. tarentolae are still inconclusive. Methods: DCs were derived from human monocytes and exposed to live L. tarentolae, using both the non-engineered P10 strain, and the same strain engineered for expression of the spike protein from SARS-CoV-2. We then determined: (i) parasite internalization in the DCs; and (ii) the capacity of the assayed strains to activate DCs and the type of immune polarization. Results: Protozoan parasites from both strains were effectively engulfed by DCs, which displayed a full pattern of maturation, in terms of MHC class II and costimulatory molecule expression. In addition, after parasite infection, a limited release of Th1 cytokines was observed. Conclusions: Our results indicate that L. tarentolae could be used as a vehicle for antigen delivery to DCs and to induce the maturation of these cells. The limited cytokine release suggests L. tarentolae as a neutral vaccine vehicle that could be administered in association with appropriate immune-modulating molecules.
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spelling pubmed-91446672022-05-29 Leishmania tarentolae as an Antigen Delivery Platform: Dendritic Cell Maturation after Infection with a Clone Engineered to Express the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Varotto-Boccazzi, Ilaria Garziano, Micaela Cattaneo, Giulia Maria Bisaglia, Beatrice Gabrieli, Paolo Biasin, Mara Manenti, Alessandro Rubolini, Diego Clerici, Mario Montomoli, Emanuele Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo Trabattoni, Daria Epis, Sara Bandi, Claudio Vaccines (Basel) Article Background: Protozoa of the genus Leishmania are characterized by their capacity to target macrophages and Dendritic Cells (DCs). These microorganisms could thus be exploited for the delivery of antigens to immune cells. Leishmania tarentolae is regarded as a non-pathogenic species; it was previously used as a biofactory for protein production and has been considered as a candidate vaccine or as an antigen delivery platform. However, results on the type of immune polarization determined by L. tarentolae are still inconclusive. Methods: DCs were derived from human monocytes and exposed to live L. tarentolae, using both the non-engineered P10 strain, and the same strain engineered for expression of the spike protein from SARS-CoV-2. We then determined: (i) parasite internalization in the DCs; and (ii) the capacity of the assayed strains to activate DCs and the type of immune polarization. Results: Protozoan parasites from both strains were effectively engulfed by DCs, which displayed a full pattern of maturation, in terms of MHC class II and costimulatory molecule expression. In addition, after parasite infection, a limited release of Th1 cytokines was observed. Conclusions: Our results indicate that L. tarentolae could be used as a vehicle for antigen delivery to DCs and to induce the maturation of these cells. The limited cytokine release suggests L. tarentolae as a neutral vaccine vehicle that could be administered in association with appropriate immune-modulating molecules. MDPI 2022-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9144667/ /pubmed/35632559 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10050803 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Varotto-Boccazzi, Ilaria
Garziano, Micaela
Cattaneo, Giulia Maria
Bisaglia, Beatrice
Gabrieli, Paolo
Biasin, Mara
Manenti, Alessandro
Rubolini, Diego
Clerici, Mario
Montomoli, Emanuele
Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo
Trabattoni, Daria
Epis, Sara
Bandi, Claudio
Leishmania tarentolae as an Antigen Delivery Platform: Dendritic Cell Maturation after Infection with a Clone Engineered to Express the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein
title Leishmania tarentolae as an Antigen Delivery Platform: Dendritic Cell Maturation after Infection with a Clone Engineered to Express the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein
title_full Leishmania tarentolae as an Antigen Delivery Platform: Dendritic Cell Maturation after Infection with a Clone Engineered to Express the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein
title_fullStr Leishmania tarentolae as an Antigen Delivery Platform: Dendritic Cell Maturation after Infection with a Clone Engineered to Express the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein
title_full_unstemmed Leishmania tarentolae as an Antigen Delivery Platform: Dendritic Cell Maturation after Infection with a Clone Engineered to Express the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein
title_short Leishmania tarentolae as an Antigen Delivery Platform: Dendritic Cell Maturation after Infection with a Clone Engineered to Express the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein
title_sort leishmania tarentolae as an antigen delivery platform: dendritic cell maturation after infection with a clone engineered to express the sars-cov-2 spike protein
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9144667/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35632559
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10050803
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