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Neurotrophin Signaling Impairment by Viral Infections in the Central Nervous System

Neurotrophins, such as nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin 3 (NT-3), NT-4, and NT-5, are proteins involved in several important functions of the central nervous system. The activation of the signaling pathways of these neurotrophins, or even by their...

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Autores principales: Bohmwald, Karen, Andrade, Catalina A., Mora, Valentina P., Muñoz, José T., Ramírez, Robinson, Rojas, María F., Kalergis, Alexis M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9146244/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35628626
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105817
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author Bohmwald, Karen
Andrade, Catalina A.
Mora, Valentina P.
Muñoz, José T.
Ramírez, Robinson
Rojas, María F.
Kalergis, Alexis M.
author_facet Bohmwald, Karen
Andrade, Catalina A.
Mora, Valentina P.
Muñoz, José T.
Ramírez, Robinson
Rojas, María F.
Kalergis, Alexis M.
author_sort Bohmwald, Karen
collection PubMed
description Neurotrophins, such as nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin 3 (NT-3), NT-4, and NT-5, are proteins involved in several important functions of the central nervous system. The activation of the signaling pathways of these neurotrophins, or even by their immature form, pro-neurotrophins, starts with their recognition by cellular receptors, such as tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) and 75 kD NT receptors (p75NTR). The Trk receptor is considered to have a high affinity for attachment to specific neurotrophins, while the p75NTR receptor has less affinity for attachment with neurotrophins. The correct functioning of these signaling pathways contributes to proper brain development, neuronal survival, and synaptic plasticity. Unbalanced levels of neurotrophins and pro-neurotrophins have been associated with neurological disorders, illustrating the importance of these molecules in the central nervous system. Furthermore, reports have indicated that viruses can alter the normal levels of neurotrophins by interfering with their signaling pathways. This work discusses the importance of neurotrophins in the central nervous system, their signaling pathways, and how viruses can affect them.
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spelling pubmed-91462442022-05-29 Neurotrophin Signaling Impairment by Viral Infections in the Central Nervous System Bohmwald, Karen Andrade, Catalina A. Mora, Valentina P. Muñoz, José T. Ramírez, Robinson Rojas, María F. Kalergis, Alexis M. Int J Mol Sci Review Neurotrophins, such as nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin 3 (NT-3), NT-4, and NT-5, are proteins involved in several important functions of the central nervous system. The activation of the signaling pathways of these neurotrophins, or even by their immature form, pro-neurotrophins, starts with their recognition by cellular receptors, such as tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) and 75 kD NT receptors (p75NTR). The Trk receptor is considered to have a high affinity for attachment to specific neurotrophins, while the p75NTR receptor has less affinity for attachment with neurotrophins. The correct functioning of these signaling pathways contributes to proper brain development, neuronal survival, and synaptic plasticity. Unbalanced levels of neurotrophins and pro-neurotrophins have been associated with neurological disorders, illustrating the importance of these molecules in the central nervous system. Furthermore, reports have indicated that viruses can alter the normal levels of neurotrophins by interfering with their signaling pathways. This work discusses the importance of neurotrophins in the central nervous system, their signaling pathways, and how viruses can affect them. MDPI 2022-05-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9146244/ /pubmed/35628626 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105817 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Bohmwald, Karen
Andrade, Catalina A.
Mora, Valentina P.
Muñoz, José T.
Ramírez, Robinson
Rojas, María F.
Kalergis, Alexis M.
Neurotrophin Signaling Impairment by Viral Infections in the Central Nervous System
title Neurotrophin Signaling Impairment by Viral Infections in the Central Nervous System
title_full Neurotrophin Signaling Impairment by Viral Infections in the Central Nervous System
title_fullStr Neurotrophin Signaling Impairment by Viral Infections in the Central Nervous System
title_full_unstemmed Neurotrophin Signaling Impairment by Viral Infections in the Central Nervous System
title_short Neurotrophin Signaling Impairment by Viral Infections in the Central Nervous System
title_sort neurotrophin signaling impairment by viral infections in the central nervous system
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9146244/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35628626
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105817
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