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Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides
To cope with the rising food demand, modern agriculture practices are based on the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals. Although this strategy leads to a temporary solution, it also severely damages the environment, representing a risk to human health. A sustainable alternative to agrochemicals is t...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9146260/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35622558 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14050311 |
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author | Soriano, Gabriele Petrillo, Claudia Masi, Marco Bouafiane, Mabrouka Khelil, Aminata Tuzi, Angela Isticato, Rachele Fernández-Aparicio, Mónica Cimmino, Alessio |
author_facet | Soriano, Gabriele Petrillo, Claudia Masi, Marco Bouafiane, Mabrouka Khelil, Aminata Tuzi, Angela Isticato, Rachele Fernández-Aparicio, Mónica Cimmino, Alessio |
author_sort | Soriano, Gabriele |
collection | PubMed |
description | To cope with the rising food demand, modern agriculture practices are based on the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals. Although this strategy leads to a temporary solution, it also severely damages the environment, representing a risk to human health. A sustainable alternative to agrochemicals is the use of plant metabolites and plant-based pesticides, known to have minimal environmental impact compared to synthetic pesticides. Retama raetam is a shrub growing in Algeria’s desert areas, where it is commonly used in traditional medicine because of its antiseptic and antipyretic properties. Furthermore, its allelopathic features can be exploited to effectively control phytopathogens in the agricultural field. In this study, six compounds belonging to isoflavones and flavones subgroups have been isolated from the R. raetam dichloromethane extract and identified using spectroscopic and optical methods as alpinumisoflavone, hydroxyalpinumisoflavone, laburnetin, licoflavone C, retamasin B, and ephedroidin. Their antifungal activity was evaluated against the fungal phytopathogen Stemphylium vesicarium using a growth inhibition bioassay on PDA plates. Interestingly, the flavonoid laburnetin, the most active metabolite, displayed an inhibitory activity comparable to that exerted by the synthetic fungicide pentachloronitrobenzene, in a ten-fold lower concentration. The allelopathic activity of R. raetam metabolites against parasitic weeds was also investigated using two independent parasitic weed bioassays to discover potential activities on either suicidal stimulation or radicle growth inhibition of broomrapes. In this latter bioassay, ephedroidin strongly inhibited the growth of Orobanche cumana radicles and, therefore, can be proposed as a natural herbicide. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9146260 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91462602022-05-29 Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides Soriano, Gabriele Petrillo, Claudia Masi, Marco Bouafiane, Mabrouka Khelil, Aminata Tuzi, Angela Isticato, Rachele Fernández-Aparicio, Mónica Cimmino, Alessio Toxins (Basel) Article To cope with the rising food demand, modern agriculture practices are based on the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals. Although this strategy leads to a temporary solution, it also severely damages the environment, representing a risk to human health. A sustainable alternative to agrochemicals is the use of plant metabolites and plant-based pesticides, known to have minimal environmental impact compared to synthetic pesticides. Retama raetam is a shrub growing in Algeria’s desert areas, where it is commonly used in traditional medicine because of its antiseptic and antipyretic properties. Furthermore, its allelopathic features can be exploited to effectively control phytopathogens in the agricultural field. In this study, six compounds belonging to isoflavones and flavones subgroups have been isolated from the R. raetam dichloromethane extract and identified using spectroscopic and optical methods as alpinumisoflavone, hydroxyalpinumisoflavone, laburnetin, licoflavone C, retamasin B, and ephedroidin. Their antifungal activity was evaluated against the fungal phytopathogen Stemphylium vesicarium using a growth inhibition bioassay on PDA plates. Interestingly, the flavonoid laburnetin, the most active metabolite, displayed an inhibitory activity comparable to that exerted by the synthetic fungicide pentachloronitrobenzene, in a ten-fold lower concentration. The allelopathic activity of R. raetam metabolites against parasitic weeds was also investigated using two independent parasitic weed bioassays to discover potential activities on either suicidal stimulation or radicle growth inhibition of broomrapes. In this latter bioassay, ephedroidin strongly inhibited the growth of Orobanche cumana radicles and, therefore, can be proposed as a natural herbicide. MDPI 2022-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9146260/ /pubmed/35622558 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14050311 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Soriano, Gabriele Petrillo, Claudia Masi, Marco Bouafiane, Mabrouka Khelil, Aminata Tuzi, Angela Isticato, Rachele Fernández-Aparicio, Mónica Cimmino, Alessio Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides |
title | Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides |
title_full | Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides |
title_fullStr | Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides |
title_full_unstemmed | Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides |
title_short | Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides |
title_sort | specialized metabolites from the allelopathic plant retama raetam as potential biopesticides |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9146260/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35622558 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14050311 |
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