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Apocynin Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction by Mitigating ROS Generation and Boosting Antioxidant Defenses in Fast-Twitch and Slow-Twitch Muscles

In response to diabetes mellitus, skeletal muscle is negatively affected, as is evident by reduced contractile force production, increased muscle fatigability, and increased levels of oxidative stress biomarkers. Apocynin is a widely used NADPH oxidase inhibitor, with antioxidant and anti-inflammato...

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Autores principales: Sánchez-Duarte, Sarai, Montoya-Pérez, Rocío, Márquez-Gamiño, Sergio, Vera-Delgado, Karla S., Caudillo-Cisneros, Cipriana, Sotelo-Barroso, Fernando, Sánchez-Briones, Luis A., Sánchez-Duarte, Elizabeth
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9146446/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35629342
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12050674
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author Sánchez-Duarte, Sarai
Montoya-Pérez, Rocío
Márquez-Gamiño, Sergio
Vera-Delgado, Karla S.
Caudillo-Cisneros, Cipriana
Sotelo-Barroso, Fernando
Sánchez-Briones, Luis A.
Sánchez-Duarte, Elizabeth
author_facet Sánchez-Duarte, Sarai
Montoya-Pérez, Rocío
Márquez-Gamiño, Sergio
Vera-Delgado, Karla S.
Caudillo-Cisneros, Cipriana
Sotelo-Barroso, Fernando
Sánchez-Briones, Luis A.
Sánchez-Duarte, Elizabeth
author_sort Sánchez-Duarte, Sarai
collection PubMed
description In response to diabetes mellitus, skeletal muscle is negatively affected, as is evident by reduced contractile force production, increased muscle fatigability, and increased levels of oxidative stress biomarkers. Apocynin is a widely used NADPH oxidase inhibitor, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. It has been effective for amelioration of a variety of disorders, including diabetic complications. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effects and action mechanisms of apocynin in slow- and fast-twitch diabetic rat muscles. Male Wistar rats were rendered diabetic by applying intraperitoneally a single dose of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg). Apocynin treatment (3 mg/kg/day) was administered over 8 weeks. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin tolerance and body weight gain were measured. Both slow (soleus) and fast (extensor digitorum longus, EDL) skeletal muscles were used for muscle function evaluation, oxidative stress markers, and evaluating gene expression using qRT-PCR. Treatment with apocynin significantly reduced FBG levels and enhanced insulin tolerance. Apocynin also prevented muscle contractile dysfunction in EDL muscle but had no significant effect on this parameter in soleus muscles. However, in both types of muscles, apocynin mitigated the oxidative stress by decreasing ROS levels and increasing total glutathione levels and redox state. Concomitantly, apocynin also statistically enhanced Nrf-2 and GLU4 mRNA expression and downregulated NOX2, NOX4, and NF-κB mRNA. Collectively, apocynin exhibits properties myoprotective in diabetic animals. These findings indicate that apocynin predominantly acts as an antioxidant in fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscles but has differential impact on contractile function.
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spelling pubmed-91464462022-05-29 Apocynin Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction by Mitigating ROS Generation and Boosting Antioxidant Defenses in Fast-Twitch and Slow-Twitch Muscles Sánchez-Duarte, Sarai Montoya-Pérez, Rocío Márquez-Gamiño, Sergio Vera-Delgado, Karla S. Caudillo-Cisneros, Cipriana Sotelo-Barroso, Fernando Sánchez-Briones, Luis A. Sánchez-Duarte, Elizabeth Life (Basel) Article In response to diabetes mellitus, skeletal muscle is negatively affected, as is evident by reduced contractile force production, increased muscle fatigability, and increased levels of oxidative stress biomarkers. Apocynin is a widely used NADPH oxidase inhibitor, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. It has been effective for amelioration of a variety of disorders, including diabetic complications. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effects and action mechanisms of apocynin in slow- and fast-twitch diabetic rat muscles. Male Wistar rats were rendered diabetic by applying intraperitoneally a single dose of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg). Apocynin treatment (3 mg/kg/day) was administered over 8 weeks. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin tolerance and body weight gain were measured. Both slow (soleus) and fast (extensor digitorum longus, EDL) skeletal muscles were used for muscle function evaluation, oxidative stress markers, and evaluating gene expression using qRT-PCR. Treatment with apocynin significantly reduced FBG levels and enhanced insulin tolerance. Apocynin also prevented muscle contractile dysfunction in EDL muscle but had no significant effect on this parameter in soleus muscles. However, in both types of muscles, apocynin mitigated the oxidative stress by decreasing ROS levels and increasing total glutathione levels and redox state. Concomitantly, apocynin also statistically enhanced Nrf-2 and GLU4 mRNA expression and downregulated NOX2, NOX4, and NF-κB mRNA. Collectively, apocynin exhibits properties myoprotective in diabetic animals. These findings indicate that apocynin predominantly acts as an antioxidant in fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscles but has differential impact on contractile function. MDPI 2022-05-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9146446/ /pubmed/35629342 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12050674 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Sánchez-Duarte, Sarai
Montoya-Pérez, Rocío
Márquez-Gamiño, Sergio
Vera-Delgado, Karla S.
Caudillo-Cisneros, Cipriana
Sotelo-Barroso, Fernando
Sánchez-Briones, Luis A.
Sánchez-Duarte, Elizabeth
Apocynin Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction by Mitigating ROS Generation and Boosting Antioxidant Defenses in Fast-Twitch and Slow-Twitch Muscles
title Apocynin Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction by Mitigating ROS Generation and Boosting Antioxidant Defenses in Fast-Twitch and Slow-Twitch Muscles
title_full Apocynin Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction by Mitigating ROS Generation and Boosting Antioxidant Defenses in Fast-Twitch and Slow-Twitch Muscles
title_fullStr Apocynin Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction by Mitigating ROS Generation and Boosting Antioxidant Defenses in Fast-Twitch and Slow-Twitch Muscles
title_full_unstemmed Apocynin Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction by Mitigating ROS Generation and Boosting Antioxidant Defenses in Fast-Twitch and Slow-Twitch Muscles
title_short Apocynin Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction by Mitigating ROS Generation and Boosting Antioxidant Defenses in Fast-Twitch and Slow-Twitch Muscles
title_sort apocynin attenuates diabetes-induced skeletal muscle dysfunction by mitigating ros generation and boosting antioxidant defenses in fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscles
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9146446/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35629342
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12050674
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