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High Sensitivity Optical Fiber Mach–Zehnder Refractive Index Sensor Based on Waist-Enlarged Bitaper

A Mach–Zehnder fiber optic sensor with high refractive index response sensitivity was developed. By fabricating a waist-enlarged bitaper structure on the interference arm of a single mode–multimode–single mode (SMS) Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI), the spectral contrast and response sensitivity we...

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Autores principales: Zhao, Na, Wang, Zelin, Zhang, Zhongkai, Lin, Qijing, Yao, Kun, Zhang, Fuzheng, Jiao, Yunjing, Zhao, Libo, Tian, Bian, Yang, Ping, Jiang, Zhuangde
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9146947/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35630156
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13050689
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author Zhao, Na
Wang, Zelin
Zhang, Zhongkai
Lin, Qijing
Yao, Kun
Zhang, Fuzheng
Jiao, Yunjing
Zhao, Libo
Tian, Bian
Yang, Ping
Jiang, Zhuangde
author_facet Zhao, Na
Wang, Zelin
Zhang, Zhongkai
Lin, Qijing
Yao, Kun
Zhang, Fuzheng
Jiao, Yunjing
Zhao, Libo
Tian, Bian
Yang, Ping
Jiang, Zhuangde
author_sort Zhao, Na
collection PubMed
description A Mach–Zehnder fiber optic sensor with high refractive index response sensitivity was developed. By fabricating a waist-enlarged bitaper structure on the interference arm of a single mode–multimode–single mode (SMS) Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI), the spectral contrast and response sensitivity were improved. Subsequently, the response sensitivity was further improved by etching the interference arm. When a beam of light was introduced into the sensor, due to the structural mismatch between the multimode fiber and the normal transmission light, the difference between the low-order mode and the high-order mode was generated in the fiber core and the fiber cladding. In the process of transmission in the sensing arm, due to the different refractive indices of the core and cladding, the optical path difference of the high-order mode and the low-order mode was different, which eventually generated interference fringes. The experimentally measured response sensitivity of SMS MZI in the range of 1.351 RIU to 1.402 RIU is 57.623 nm/RIU; the response sensitivity of a single mode–multimode–bitaper–multimode–single mode (SMBMS) MZI is 61.607 nm/RIU; and the response sensitivity of the etched SMBMS (ESMBMS) MZI is 287.65 nm/RIU. The response sensitivity of the new ESMBMS MZI is three times higher than that of the original SMS MZI. The sensor has the characteristics of compact structure, high sensitivity, easy manufacture, and a wide range of refractive index measurements, and can be used in food processing, pharmaceutical manufacturing and other fields.
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spelling pubmed-91469472022-05-29 High Sensitivity Optical Fiber Mach–Zehnder Refractive Index Sensor Based on Waist-Enlarged Bitaper Zhao, Na Wang, Zelin Zhang, Zhongkai Lin, Qijing Yao, Kun Zhang, Fuzheng Jiao, Yunjing Zhao, Libo Tian, Bian Yang, Ping Jiang, Zhuangde Micromachines (Basel) Article A Mach–Zehnder fiber optic sensor with high refractive index response sensitivity was developed. By fabricating a waist-enlarged bitaper structure on the interference arm of a single mode–multimode–single mode (SMS) Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI), the spectral contrast and response sensitivity were improved. Subsequently, the response sensitivity was further improved by etching the interference arm. When a beam of light was introduced into the sensor, due to the structural mismatch between the multimode fiber and the normal transmission light, the difference between the low-order mode and the high-order mode was generated in the fiber core and the fiber cladding. In the process of transmission in the sensing arm, due to the different refractive indices of the core and cladding, the optical path difference of the high-order mode and the low-order mode was different, which eventually generated interference fringes. The experimentally measured response sensitivity of SMS MZI in the range of 1.351 RIU to 1.402 RIU is 57.623 nm/RIU; the response sensitivity of a single mode–multimode–bitaper–multimode–single mode (SMBMS) MZI is 61.607 nm/RIU; and the response sensitivity of the etched SMBMS (ESMBMS) MZI is 287.65 nm/RIU. The response sensitivity of the new ESMBMS MZI is three times higher than that of the original SMS MZI. The sensor has the characteristics of compact structure, high sensitivity, easy manufacture, and a wide range of refractive index measurements, and can be used in food processing, pharmaceutical manufacturing and other fields. MDPI 2022-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9146947/ /pubmed/35630156 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13050689 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zhao, Na
Wang, Zelin
Zhang, Zhongkai
Lin, Qijing
Yao, Kun
Zhang, Fuzheng
Jiao, Yunjing
Zhao, Libo
Tian, Bian
Yang, Ping
Jiang, Zhuangde
High Sensitivity Optical Fiber Mach–Zehnder Refractive Index Sensor Based on Waist-Enlarged Bitaper
title High Sensitivity Optical Fiber Mach–Zehnder Refractive Index Sensor Based on Waist-Enlarged Bitaper
title_full High Sensitivity Optical Fiber Mach–Zehnder Refractive Index Sensor Based on Waist-Enlarged Bitaper
title_fullStr High Sensitivity Optical Fiber Mach–Zehnder Refractive Index Sensor Based on Waist-Enlarged Bitaper
title_full_unstemmed High Sensitivity Optical Fiber Mach–Zehnder Refractive Index Sensor Based on Waist-Enlarged Bitaper
title_short High Sensitivity Optical Fiber Mach–Zehnder Refractive Index Sensor Based on Waist-Enlarged Bitaper
title_sort high sensitivity optical fiber mach–zehnder refractive index sensor based on waist-enlarged bitaper
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9146947/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35630156
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13050689
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