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Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of Functionally Graded Unidirectional Glass Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites
This paper aims to assess experimentally the mechanical and tribological behavior of conventional and functionally graded (FG) polymeric matrix composites reinforced with continuous glass fibers. The small punch test (SPT) and a pin-on-disc device were used in the present work to examine the mechani...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9147567/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35631939 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14102057 |
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author | Alhazmi, Waleed Jazaa, Yosef Althahban, Sultan Mousa, Saeed Abu-Sinna, Ahmed Abd-Elhady, Amr Sallam, Hossam El-Din Atta, Mahmoud |
author_facet | Alhazmi, Waleed Jazaa, Yosef Althahban, Sultan Mousa, Saeed Abu-Sinna, Ahmed Abd-Elhady, Amr Sallam, Hossam El-Din Atta, Mahmoud |
author_sort | Alhazmi, Waleed |
collection | PubMed |
description | This paper aims to assess experimentally the mechanical and tribological behavior of conventional and functionally graded (FG) polymeric matrix composites reinforced with continuous glass fibers. The small punch test (SPT) and a pin-on-disc device were used in the present work to examine the mechanical and wear behavior, respectively. The hand lay-up technique was used in the present investigation to manufacture the conventional and FG composites. Various wooden looms with different nailed spacing were employed to manufacture the FG composites. According to test type, the FG composite is composed of four and ten layers, with a different glass fiber volume of fraction (V(f)%) for each layer. In addition, the finite element simulation based on Hashin’s failure criterion and cohesive zone modeling was used to show the progressive failure and give more explanation regarding the flexural behavior of such composites. The present results indicate that the wear rate of an FG composite could be affected by many factors, including the disk speed, applied load, the composite layers number, and average glass fiber volume fraction. On the other hand, the arrangement of layers in the composite materials by variation of V(f)% for each layer can improve the wear rate and value of the ultimate load before the fracture of the composite material when subjected to SPT. The experimental and numerical results for all SPT specimens showed that the fracture of the SPT specimens began beneath the punch tip and grew along the fiber direction. The ultimate flexural capacity of FG composites increased by 30% compared with the conventional composites. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9147567 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91475672022-05-29 Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of Functionally Graded Unidirectional Glass Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites Alhazmi, Waleed Jazaa, Yosef Althahban, Sultan Mousa, Saeed Abu-Sinna, Ahmed Abd-Elhady, Amr Sallam, Hossam El-Din Atta, Mahmoud Polymers (Basel) Article This paper aims to assess experimentally the mechanical and tribological behavior of conventional and functionally graded (FG) polymeric matrix composites reinforced with continuous glass fibers. The small punch test (SPT) and a pin-on-disc device were used in the present work to examine the mechanical and wear behavior, respectively. The hand lay-up technique was used in the present investigation to manufacture the conventional and FG composites. Various wooden looms with different nailed spacing were employed to manufacture the FG composites. According to test type, the FG composite is composed of four and ten layers, with a different glass fiber volume of fraction (V(f)%) for each layer. In addition, the finite element simulation based on Hashin’s failure criterion and cohesive zone modeling was used to show the progressive failure and give more explanation regarding the flexural behavior of such composites. The present results indicate that the wear rate of an FG composite could be affected by many factors, including the disk speed, applied load, the composite layers number, and average glass fiber volume fraction. On the other hand, the arrangement of layers in the composite materials by variation of V(f)% for each layer can improve the wear rate and value of the ultimate load before the fracture of the composite material when subjected to SPT. The experimental and numerical results for all SPT specimens showed that the fracture of the SPT specimens began beneath the punch tip and grew along the fiber direction. The ultimate flexural capacity of FG composites increased by 30% compared with the conventional composites. MDPI 2022-05-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9147567/ /pubmed/35631939 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14102057 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Alhazmi, Waleed Jazaa, Yosef Althahban, Sultan Mousa, Saeed Abu-Sinna, Ahmed Abd-Elhady, Amr Sallam, Hossam El-Din Atta, Mahmoud Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of Functionally Graded Unidirectional Glass Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites |
title | Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of Functionally Graded Unidirectional Glass Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites |
title_full | Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of Functionally Graded Unidirectional Glass Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites |
title_fullStr | Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of Functionally Graded Unidirectional Glass Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites |
title_full_unstemmed | Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of Functionally Graded Unidirectional Glass Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites |
title_short | Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of Functionally Graded Unidirectional Glass Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites |
title_sort | mechanical and tribological behavior of functionally graded unidirectional glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composites |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9147567/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35631939 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14102057 |
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