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Frequency-Based Maternal Electrocardiogram Attenuation for Fetal Electrocardiogram Analysis

Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) waveform analysis along with cardiac time intervals (CTIs) measurements are critical for the management of high-risk pregnancies. Currently, there is no system that can consistently and accurately measure fetal ECG. In this work, we present a new automatic approach to a...

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Autores principales: Roshanitabrizi, Pooneh, Krishnan, Anita, Ingbar, Catherine, Salvador, Tyler, Zhang, Anqing, Donofrio, Mary T., Govindan, Rathinaswamy
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer International Publishing 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9148873/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35403976
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10439-022-02959-4
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author Roshanitabrizi, Pooneh
Krishnan, Anita
Ingbar, Catherine
Salvador, Tyler
Zhang, Anqing
Donofrio, Mary T.
Govindan, Rathinaswamy
author_facet Roshanitabrizi, Pooneh
Krishnan, Anita
Ingbar, Catherine
Salvador, Tyler
Zhang, Anqing
Donofrio, Mary T.
Govindan, Rathinaswamy
author_sort Roshanitabrizi, Pooneh
collection PubMed
description Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) waveform analysis along with cardiac time intervals (CTIs) measurements are critical for the management of high-risk pregnancies. Currently, there is no system that can consistently and accurately measure fetal ECG. In this work, we present a new automatic approach to attenuate the maternal ECG in the frequency domain and enhance it with measurable CTIs. First, the coherent components between the maternal ECG and abdominal ECG were identified and subtracted from the latter in the frequency domain. The residual was then converted into the time domain using the inverse Fourier transform to yield the fetal ECG. This process was improved by averaging multiple beats. Two fetal cardiologists, blinded to the method, assessed the quality of fetal ECG based on a grading system and measured the CTIs. We evaluated the fetal ECG quality of our method and time-based methods using one synthetic dataset, one human dataset available in the public domain, and 37 clinical datasets. Among the 37 datasets analyzed, the mean average (± standard deviation) grade was 3.49 ± 1.22 for our method vs. 2.64 ± 1.26 for adaptive interference cancellation (p-value < 0.001), thus showing the frequency-based fetal ECG extraction was the superior method, as assessed from our clinicians’ perspectives. This method has the potential for use in clinical settings.
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spelling pubmed-91488732022-05-31 Frequency-Based Maternal Electrocardiogram Attenuation for Fetal Electrocardiogram Analysis Roshanitabrizi, Pooneh Krishnan, Anita Ingbar, Catherine Salvador, Tyler Zhang, Anqing Donofrio, Mary T. Govindan, Rathinaswamy Ann Biomed Eng Original Article Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) waveform analysis along with cardiac time intervals (CTIs) measurements are critical for the management of high-risk pregnancies. Currently, there is no system that can consistently and accurately measure fetal ECG. In this work, we present a new automatic approach to attenuate the maternal ECG in the frequency domain and enhance it with measurable CTIs. First, the coherent components between the maternal ECG and abdominal ECG were identified and subtracted from the latter in the frequency domain. The residual was then converted into the time domain using the inverse Fourier transform to yield the fetal ECG. This process was improved by averaging multiple beats. Two fetal cardiologists, blinded to the method, assessed the quality of fetal ECG based on a grading system and measured the CTIs. We evaluated the fetal ECG quality of our method and time-based methods using one synthetic dataset, one human dataset available in the public domain, and 37 clinical datasets. Among the 37 datasets analyzed, the mean average (± standard deviation) grade was 3.49 ± 1.22 for our method vs. 2.64 ± 1.26 for adaptive interference cancellation (p-value < 0.001), thus showing the frequency-based fetal ECG extraction was the superior method, as assessed from our clinicians’ perspectives. This method has the potential for use in clinical settings. Springer International Publishing 2022-04-11 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9148873/ /pubmed/35403976 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10439-022-02959-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Article
Roshanitabrizi, Pooneh
Krishnan, Anita
Ingbar, Catherine
Salvador, Tyler
Zhang, Anqing
Donofrio, Mary T.
Govindan, Rathinaswamy
Frequency-Based Maternal Electrocardiogram Attenuation for Fetal Electrocardiogram Analysis
title Frequency-Based Maternal Electrocardiogram Attenuation for Fetal Electrocardiogram Analysis
title_full Frequency-Based Maternal Electrocardiogram Attenuation for Fetal Electrocardiogram Analysis
title_fullStr Frequency-Based Maternal Electrocardiogram Attenuation for Fetal Electrocardiogram Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Frequency-Based Maternal Electrocardiogram Attenuation for Fetal Electrocardiogram Analysis
title_short Frequency-Based Maternal Electrocardiogram Attenuation for Fetal Electrocardiogram Analysis
title_sort frequency-based maternal electrocardiogram attenuation for fetal electrocardiogram analysis
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9148873/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35403976
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10439-022-02959-4
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