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Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive type of brain tumor. Despite the multimodal therapies, the effectiveness of traditional treatments is not much satisfying. In recent years, immunotherapy has become the focus of tumor treatment. Unlike traditional treatments that directly target tumor cells,...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Tang, Lin, Zhang, Ming, Liu, Chaoyong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9149074/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35651605
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.882257
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author Tang, Lin
Zhang, Ming
Liu, Chaoyong
author_facet Tang, Lin
Zhang, Ming
Liu, Chaoyong
author_sort Tang, Lin
collection PubMed
description Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive type of brain tumor. Despite the multimodal therapies, the effectiveness of traditional treatments is not much satisfying. In recent years, immunotherapy has become the focus of tumor treatment. Unlike traditional treatments that directly target tumor cells, immunotherapy uses the body’s immune system to kill tumors. However, due to the severe immunosuppressive microenvironment of GBM, it generally has a poor response to immunotherapy. In addition, the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) also compromises the immunotherapeutic efficacy. Therefore, effective immunotherapy of GBM requires the therapeutic agents to not only efficiently cross the BBB but also relieve the strong immunosuppression of the tumor microenvironment of GBM. In this review, we will first introduce the CNS immune system, immunosuppressive mechanism of GBM, and current GBM immunotherapy strategies. Then, we will discuss the development of nanomaterials for GBM immunotherapy based on different strategies, roughly divided into four parts: immune checkpoint therapy, targeting tumor-associated immune cells, activating immune cells through immunogenic cell death, and combination therapy, to provide new insights for future GBM immunotherapy.
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spelling pubmed-91490742022-05-31 Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma Tang, Lin Zhang, Ming Liu, Chaoyong Front Immunol Immunology Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive type of brain tumor. Despite the multimodal therapies, the effectiveness of traditional treatments is not much satisfying. In recent years, immunotherapy has become the focus of tumor treatment. Unlike traditional treatments that directly target tumor cells, immunotherapy uses the body’s immune system to kill tumors. However, due to the severe immunosuppressive microenvironment of GBM, it generally has a poor response to immunotherapy. In addition, the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) also compromises the immunotherapeutic efficacy. Therefore, effective immunotherapy of GBM requires the therapeutic agents to not only efficiently cross the BBB but also relieve the strong immunosuppression of the tumor microenvironment of GBM. In this review, we will first introduce the CNS immune system, immunosuppressive mechanism of GBM, and current GBM immunotherapy strategies. Then, we will discuss the development of nanomaterials for GBM immunotherapy based on different strategies, roughly divided into four parts: immune checkpoint therapy, targeting tumor-associated immune cells, activating immune cells through immunogenic cell death, and combination therapy, to provide new insights for future GBM immunotherapy. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-05-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9149074/ /pubmed/35651605 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.882257 Text en Copyright © 2022 Tang, Zhang and Liu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Tang, Lin
Zhang, Ming
Liu, Chaoyong
Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma
title Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma
title_full Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma
title_fullStr Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma
title_full_unstemmed Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma
title_short Advances in Nanotechnology-Based Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma
title_sort advances in nanotechnology-based immunotherapy for glioblastoma
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9149074/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35651605
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.882257
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