Bone Marrow Carcinomatosis in a Stage IV Breast Cancer Patient Treated by Letrozole as First-Line Endocrine Therapy

Bone marrow carcinomatosis (BMC) associated with breast cancer is a rare but often difficult-to-treat condition; we report a case of a female stage IV breast cancer patient in her seventies with BMC that improved with endocrine monotherapy. The patient had hemoglobinopenia and thrombocytopenia at the time of diagnosis. The diagnosis of BMC due to estrogen receptor-positive invasive lobular carcinoma was confirmed. After transfusion of 4 units of concentrated red blood cells, endocrine treatment with letrozole improved the hematopenia. Ten months after the treatment started, bone metastases worsened, so the patient was changed to combination therapy with palbociclib and fulvestrant, after which there was no worsening of the disease.