High Dietary Diabetes Risk Reduction Score Is Associated with Decreased Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease in Tehranian Adults

AIM: In the current study, we examined the association of dietary diabetes risk reduction score (DDRRS) with chronic kidney disease (CKD) among an Iranian adult population. METHODS: We followed up 2076 ≥20-year-old participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2006–2008), who were initially free of CKD for 5.98 years. The dietary diabetes risk reduction score was calculated based on scoring eight components, including cereal fiber, nuts, coffee, polyunsaturated fatty acids-to-saturated fatty acids ratio, glycemic index, sugar-sweetened beverages, trans fatty acids, and red and processed meat using a valid and reliable 168-item food frequency questionnaire. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2). A Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to assess the association between the quartiles of DDRRS and CKD incidence. RESULTS: Mean ± SD age of the study population (53% women) was 37.6 ± 12.61 years. During 5.98 years of follow-up, 357 incident cases of CKD were reported. The median (25–75 interquartile range) of DDRRS was 20 (18–22). After adjustment for age, sex, smoking status, total energy intake, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, eGFR, and physical activity, individuals in the highest versus lowest quartile of DDRRS were 33% less likely to have CKD (HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.48–0.96, P for trend: 0.043). CONCLUSION: The present study's findings suggest that greater adherence to a dietary pattern with a higher score of DDRRS may be associated with a lower risk of CKD incident.