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A computational model of stereoscopic prey capture in praying mantises

We present a simple model which can account for the stereoscopic sensitivity of praying mantis predatory strikes. The model consists of a single “disparity sensor”: a binocular neuron sensitive to stereoscopic disparity and thus to distance from the animal. The model is based closely on the known be...

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Autores principales: O’Keeffe, James, Yap, Sin Hui, Llamas-Cornejo, Ichasus, Nityananda, Vivek, Read, Jenny C. A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9159633/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35587948
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009666
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author O’Keeffe, James
Yap, Sin Hui
Llamas-Cornejo, Ichasus
Nityananda, Vivek
Read, Jenny C. A.
author_facet O’Keeffe, James
Yap, Sin Hui
Llamas-Cornejo, Ichasus
Nityananda, Vivek
Read, Jenny C. A.
author_sort O’Keeffe, James
collection PubMed
description We present a simple model which can account for the stereoscopic sensitivity of praying mantis predatory strikes. The model consists of a single “disparity sensor”: a binocular neuron sensitive to stereoscopic disparity and thus to distance from the animal. The model is based closely on the known behavioural and neurophysiological properties of mantis stereopsis. The monocular inputs to the neuron reflect temporal change and are insensitive to contrast sign, making the sensor insensitive to interocular correlation. The monocular receptive fields have a excitatory centre and inhibitory surround, making them tuned to size. The disparity sensor combines inputs from the two eyes linearly, applies a threshold and then an exponent output nonlinearity. The activity of the sensor represents the model mantis’s instantaneous probability of striking. We integrate this over the stimulus duration to obtain the expected number of strikes in response to moving targets with different stereoscopic disparity, size and vertical disparity. We optimised the parameters of the model so as to bring its predictions into agreement with our empirical data on mean strike rate as a function of stimulus size and disparity. The model proves capable of reproducing the relatively broad tuning to size and narrow tuning to stereoscopic disparity seen in mantis striking behaviour. Although the model has only a single centre-surround receptive field in each eye, it displays qualitatively the same interaction between size and disparity as we observed in real mantids: the preferred size increases as simulated prey distance increases beyond the preferred distance. We show that this occurs because of a stereoscopic “false match” between the leading edge of the stimulus in one eye and its trailing edge in the other; further work will be required to find whether such false matches occur in real mantises. Importantly, the model also displays realistic responses to stimuli with vertical disparity and to pairs of identical stimuli offering a “ghost match”, despite not being fitted to these data. This is the first image-computable model of insect stereopsis, and reproduces key features of both neurophysiology and striking behaviour.
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spelling pubmed-91596332022-06-02 A computational model of stereoscopic prey capture in praying mantises O’Keeffe, James Yap, Sin Hui Llamas-Cornejo, Ichasus Nityananda, Vivek Read, Jenny C. A. PLoS Comput Biol Research Article We present a simple model which can account for the stereoscopic sensitivity of praying mantis predatory strikes. The model consists of a single “disparity sensor”: a binocular neuron sensitive to stereoscopic disparity and thus to distance from the animal. The model is based closely on the known behavioural and neurophysiological properties of mantis stereopsis. The monocular inputs to the neuron reflect temporal change and are insensitive to contrast sign, making the sensor insensitive to interocular correlation. The monocular receptive fields have a excitatory centre and inhibitory surround, making them tuned to size. The disparity sensor combines inputs from the two eyes linearly, applies a threshold and then an exponent output nonlinearity. The activity of the sensor represents the model mantis’s instantaneous probability of striking. We integrate this over the stimulus duration to obtain the expected number of strikes in response to moving targets with different stereoscopic disparity, size and vertical disparity. We optimised the parameters of the model so as to bring its predictions into agreement with our empirical data on mean strike rate as a function of stimulus size and disparity. The model proves capable of reproducing the relatively broad tuning to size and narrow tuning to stereoscopic disparity seen in mantis striking behaviour. Although the model has only a single centre-surround receptive field in each eye, it displays qualitatively the same interaction between size and disparity as we observed in real mantids: the preferred size increases as simulated prey distance increases beyond the preferred distance. We show that this occurs because of a stereoscopic “false match” between the leading edge of the stimulus in one eye and its trailing edge in the other; further work will be required to find whether such false matches occur in real mantises. Importantly, the model also displays realistic responses to stimuli with vertical disparity and to pairs of identical stimuli offering a “ghost match”, despite not being fitted to these data. This is the first image-computable model of insect stereopsis, and reproduces key features of both neurophysiology and striking behaviour. Public Library of Science 2022-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9159633/ /pubmed/35587948 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009666 Text en © 2022 O’Keeffe et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
O’Keeffe, James
Yap, Sin Hui
Llamas-Cornejo, Ichasus
Nityananda, Vivek
Read, Jenny C. A.
A computational model of stereoscopic prey capture in praying mantises
title A computational model of stereoscopic prey capture in praying mantises
title_full A computational model of stereoscopic prey capture in praying mantises
title_fullStr A computational model of stereoscopic prey capture in praying mantises
title_full_unstemmed A computational model of stereoscopic prey capture in praying mantises
title_short A computational model of stereoscopic prey capture in praying mantises
title_sort computational model of stereoscopic prey capture in praying mantises
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9159633/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35587948
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009666
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