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Preservation of Anti-cytomegalovirus Activity in Human Milk Following High-Pressure Processing Compared to Holder Pasteurization
Pasteurized donor human milk is recommended for hospitalized preterm infants when mother’s own milk is unavailable. Our aim was to compare the antiviral activity of human milk processed by Holder pasteurization (HoP) or high-pressure processing (HPP) against representative enveloped and non-envelope...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9160983/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35662924 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.918814 |
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author | Kothari, Akash Pitino, Michael A. Unger, Sharon Perreault, Véronique Doyen, Alain Pouliot, Yves McGeer, Allison J. Stone, Debbie O’Connor, Deborah L. |
author_facet | Kothari, Akash Pitino, Michael A. Unger, Sharon Perreault, Véronique Doyen, Alain Pouliot, Yves McGeer, Allison J. Stone, Debbie O’Connor, Deborah L. |
author_sort | Kothari, Akash |
collection | PubMed |
description | Pasteurized donor human milk is recommended for hospitalized preterm infants when mother’s own milk is unavailable. Our aim was to compare the antiviral activity of human milk processed by Holder pasteurization (HoP) or high-pressure processing (HPP) against representative enveloped and non-enveloped viruses including cytomegalovirus and hepatitis A virus. Expressed milk from 20 donors collected from the Ontario Milk Bank was combined into 10 pools, each from two unique donors. Each pool was processed by HoP (62.5°C, 30 min) or HPP (500 MPa, 8 min, 4°C) and subsequently inoculated with cytomegalovirus or hepatitis A virus to achieve a final concentration of 5-log plaque-forming units/mL. Plaque reduction assays were used to quantify detectable virus after 30 min incubation (room temperature). Post hoc experiments using a 4 h incubation time were conducted if reductions were detected at 30 min. Irrespective of processing, cytomegalovirus concentrations declined in all pools after 30 min incubation (P < 0.0001). Milk processed by HoP exhibited significantly less reduction compared to raw milk (P = 0.0069). In post hoc experiments, anti-cytomegalovirus activity was maintained at 4 h, with high inter-pool variability. Hepatitis A virus concentration remained unchanged after 30 min incubation in raw and processed milk. Anti-cytomegalovirus activity in human milk is preserved following HoP and HPP, persisting up to 4 h post-inoculation; anti-hepatitis A virus activity was not observed in raw or processed milk. Further research is needed to understand how HoP or promising alternative processing methods affect the antiviral activity of donated milk, given its potential importance to recipient infants. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9160983 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91609832022-06-03 Preservation of Anti-cytomegalovirus Activity in Human Milk Following High-Pressure Processing Compared to Holder Pasteurization Kothari, Akash Pitino, Michael A. Unger, Sharon Perreault, Véronique Doyen, Alain Pouliot, Yves McGeer, Allison J. Stone, Debbie O’Connor, Deborah L. Front Nutr Nutrition Pasteurized donor human milk is recommended for hospitalized preterm infants when mother’s own milk is unavailable. Our aim was to compare the antiviral activity of human milk processed by Holder pasteurization (HoP) or high-pressure processing (HPP) against representative enveloped and non-enveloped viruses including cytomegalovirus and hepatitis A virus. Expressed milk from 20 donors collected from the Ontario Milk Bank was combined into 10 pools, each from two unique donors. Each pool was processed by HoP (62.5°C, 30 min) or HPP (500 MPa, 8 min, 4°C) and subsequently inoculated with cytomegalovirus or hepatitis A virus to achieve a final concentration of 5-log plaque-forming units/mL. Plaque reduction assays were used to quantify detectable virus after 30 min incubation (room temperature). Post hoc experiments using a 4 h incubation time were conducted if reductions were detected at 30 min. Irrespective of processing, cytomegalovirus concentrations declined in all pools after 30 min incubation (P < 0.0001). Milk processed by HoP exhibited significantly less reduction compared to raw milk (P = 0.0069). In post hoc experiments, anti-cytomegalovirus activity was maintained at 4 h, with high inter-pool variability. Hepatitis A virus concentration remained unchanged after 30 min incubation in raw and processed milk. Anti-cytomegalovirus activity in human milk is preserved following HoP and HPP, persisting up to 4 h post-inoculation; anti-hepatitis A virus activity was not observed in raw or processed milk. Further research is needed to understand how HoP or promising alternative processing methods affect the antiviral activity of donated milk, given its potential importance to recipient infants. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9160983/ /pubmed/35662924 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.918814 Text en Copyright © 2022 Kothari, Pitino, Unger, Perreault, Doyen, Pouliot, McGeer, Stone and O’Connor. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Nutrition Kothari, Akash Pitino, Michael A. Unger, Sharon Perreault, Véronique Doyen, Alain Pouliot, Yves McGeer, Allison J. Stone, Debbie O’Connor, Deborah L. Preservation of Anti-cytomegalovirus Activity in Human Milk Following High-Pressure Processing Compared to Holder Pasteurization |
title | Preservation of Anti-cytomegalovirus Activity in Human Milk Following High-Pressure Processing Compared to Holder Pasteurization |
title_full | Preservation of Anti-cytomegalovirus Activity in Human Milk Following High-Pressure Processing Compared to Holder Pasteurization |
title_fullStr | Preservation of Anti-cytomegalovirus Activity in Human Milk Following High-Pressure Processing Compared to Holder Pasteurization |
title_full_unstemmed | Preservation of Anti-cytomegalovirus Activity in Human Milk Following High-Pressure Processing Compared to Holder Pasteurization |
title_short | Preservation of Anti-cytomegalovirus Activity in Human Milk Following High-Pressure Processing Compared to Holder Pasteurization |
title_sort | preservation of anti-cytomegalovirus activity in human milk following high-pressure processing compared to holder pasteurization |
topic | Nutrition |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9160983/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35662924 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.918814 |
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