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N6-Acetyl-L-Lysine and p-Cresol as Key Metabolites in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 in Obese Patients
Despite the growing number of the vaccinated population, COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), remains a global health burden. Obesity, a metabolic syndrome affecting one-third of the population, has proven to be a major risk factor for COVID-19 severe...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9161728/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35663953 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.827603 |
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author | Jalaleddine, Nour Hachim, Mahmood Al-Hroub, Hamza Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes Senok, Abiola Elmoselhi, Adel Mahboub, Bassam Samuel Kurien, Nimmi Moni Kandasamy, Richard K. Semreen, Mohammad H. Halwani, Rabih Soares, Nelson C. Al Heialy, Saba |
author_facet | Jalaleddine, Nour Hachim, Mahmood Al-Hroub, Hamza Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes Senok, Abiola Elmoselhi, Adel Mahboub, Bassam Samuel Kurien, Nimmi Moni Kandasamy, Richard K. Semreen, Mohammad H. Halwani, Rabih Soares, Nelson C. Al Heialy, Saba |
author_sort | Jalaleddine, Nour |
collection | PubMed |
description | Despite the growing number of the vaccinated population, COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), remains a global health burden. Obesity, a metabolic syndrome affecting one-third of the population, has proven to be a major risk factor for COVID-19 severe complications. Several studies have identified metabolic signatures and disrupted metabolic pathways associated with COVID-19, however there are no reports evaluating the role of obesity in the COVID-19 metabolic regulation. In this study we highlight the involvement of obesity metabolically in affecting SARS-CoV-2 infection and the consequent health complications, mainly cardiovascular disease. We measured one hundred and forty-four (144) metabolites using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) to identify metabolic changes in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, in lean and obese COVID-19 positive (n=82) and COVID-19 negative (n=24) patients. The identified metabolites are found to be mainly correlating with glucose, energy and steroid metabolisms. Further data analysis indicated twelve (12) significantly yet differentially abundant metabolites associated with viral infection and health complications, in COVID-19 obese patients. Two of the detected metabolites, n6-acetyl-l-lysine and p-cresol, are detected only among the COVID-19 cohort, exhibiting significantly higher levels in COVID-19 obese patients when compared to COVID-19 lean patients. These metabolites have important roles in viral entry and could explain the increased susceptibility of obese patients. On the same note, a set of six metabolites associated with antiviral and anti-inflammatory functions displayed significantly lower abundance in COVID-19 obese patients. In conclusion, this report highlights the plasma metabolome of COVID-19 obese patients as a metabolic feature and signature to help improve clinical outcomes. We propose n6-acetyl-l-lysine and p-cresol as potential metabolic markers which warrant further investigations to better understand their involvement in different metabolic pathways in COVID-19. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9161728 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91617282022-06-03 N6-Acetyl-L-Lysine and p-Cresol as Key Metabolites in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 in Obese Patients Jalaleddine, Nour Hachim, Mahmood Al-Hroub, Hamza Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes Senok, Abiola Elmoselhi, Adel Mahboub, Bassam Samuel Kurien, Nimmi Moni Kandasamy, Richard K. Semreen, Mohammad H. Halwani, Rabih Soares, Nelson C. Al Heialy, Saba Front Immunol Immunology Despite the growing number of the vaccinated population, COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), remains a global health burden. Obesity, a metabolic syndrome affecting one-third of the population, has proven to be a major risk factor for COVID-19 severe complications. Several studies have identified metabolic signatures and disrupted metabolic pathways associated with COVID-19, however there are no reports evaluating the role of obesity in the COVID-19 metabolic regulation. In this study we highlight the involvement of obesity metabolically in affecting SARS-CoV-2 infection and the consequent health complications, mainly cardiovascular disease. We measured one hundred and forty-four (144) metabolites using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) to identify metabolic changes in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, in lean and obese COVID-19 positive (n=82) and COVID-19 negative (n=24) patients. The identified metabolites are found to be mainly correlating with glucose, energy and steroid metabolisms. Further data analysis indicated twelve (12) significantly yet differentially abundant metabolites associated with viral infection and health complications, in COVID-19 obese patients. Two of the detected metabolites, n6-acetyl-l-lysine and p-cresol, are detected only among the COVID-19 cohort, exhibiting significantly higher levels in COVID-19 obese patients when compared to COVID-19 lean patients. These metabolites have important roles in viral entry and could explain the increased susceptibility of obese patients. On the same note, a set of six metabolites associated with antiviral and anti-inflammatory functions displayed significantly lower abundance in COVID-19 obese patients. In conclusion, this report highlights the plasma metabolome of COVID-19 obese patients as a metabolic feature and signature to help improve clinical outcomes. We propose n6-acetyl-l-lysine and p-cresol as potential metabolic markers which warrant further investigations to better understand their involvement in different metabolic pathways in COVID-19. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9161728/ /pubmed/35663953 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.827603 Text en Copyright © 2022 Jalaleddine, Hachim, Al-Hroub, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Senok, Elmoselhi, Mahboub, Samuel Kurien, Kandasamy, Semreen, Halwani, Soares and Al Heialy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Jalaleddine, Nour Hachim, Mahmood Al-Hroub, Hamza Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes Senok, Abiola Elmoselhi, Adel Mahboub, Bassam Samuel Kurien, Nimmi Moni Kandasamy, Richard K. Semreen, Mohammad H. Halwani, Rabih Soares, Nelson C. Al Heialy, Saba N6-Acetyl-L-Lysine and p-Cresol as Key Metabolites in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 in Obese Patients |
title | N6-Acetyl-L-Lysine and p-Cresol as Key Metabolites in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 in Obese Patients |
title_full | N6-Acetyl-L-Lysine and p-Cresol as Key Metabolites in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 in Obese Patients |
title_fullStr | N6-Acetyl-L-Lysine and p-Cresol as Key Metabolites in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 in Obese Patients |
title_full_unstemmed | N6-Acetyl-L-Lysine and p-Cresol as Key Metabolites in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 in Obese Patients |
title_short | N6-Acetyl-L-Lysine and p-Cresol as Key Metabolites in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 in Obese Patients |
title_sort | n6-acetyl-l-lysine and p-cresol as key metabolites in the pathogenesis of covid-19 in obese patients |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9161728/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35663953 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.827603 |
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