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An Update on Protective Effectiveness of Immune Responses After Recovery From COVID-19
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exhibits variable immunity responses among hosts based on symptom severity. Whether immunity in recovered individuals is effective for avoiding reinfection is poorly understood. Determination of immune memory status against SARS-CoV-2 help...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9163347/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35669767 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.884879 |
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author | Soleimanian, Saeede Alyasin, Soheila Sepahi, Najmeh Ghahramani, Zahra Kanannejad, Zahra Yaghobi, Ramin Karimi, Mohammad Hossein |
author_facet | Soleimanian, Saeede Alyasin, Soheila Sepahi, Najmeh Ghahramani, Zahra Kanannejad, Zahra Yaghobi, Ramin Karimi, Mohammad Hossein |
author_sort | Soleimanian, Saeede |
collection | PubMed |
description | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exhibits variable immunity responses among hosts based on symptom severity. Whether immunity in recovered individuals is effective for avoiding reinfection is poorly understood. Determination of immune memory status against SARS-CoV-2 helps identify reinfection risk and vaccine efficacy. Hence, after recovery from COVID-19, evaluation of protective effectiveness and durable immunity of prior disease could be significant. Recent reports described the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 -specific humoral and cellular responses for more than six months in convalescent SARS-CoV-2 individuals. Given the current evidence, NK cell subpopulations, especially the memory-like NK cell subset, indicate a significant role in determining COVID-19 severity. Still, the information on the long-term NK cell immunity conferred by SARS-CoV-2 infection is scant. The evidence from vaccine clinical trials and observational studies indicates that hybrid natural/vaccine immunity to SARS-CoV-2 seems to be notably potent protection. We suggested the combination of plasma therapy from recovered donors and vaccination could be effective. This focused review aims to update the current information regarding immune correlates of COVID-19 recovery to understand better the probability of reinfection in COVID-19 infected cases that may serve as guides for ongoing vaccine strategy improvement. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9163347 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91633472022-06-05 An Update on Protective Effectiveness of Immune Responses After Recovery From COVID-19 Soleimanian, Saeede Alyasin, Soheila Sepahi, Najmeh Ghahramani, Zahra Kanannejad, Zahra Yaghobi, Ramin Karimi, Mohammad Hossein Front Immunol Immunology Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exhibits variable immunity responses among hosts based on symptom severity. Whether immunity in recovered individuals is effective for avoiding reinfection is poorly understood. Determination of immune memory status against SARS-CoV-2 helps identify reinfection risk and vaccine efficacy. Hence, after recovery from COVID-19, evaluation of protective effectiveness and durable immunity of prior disease could be significant. Recent reports described the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 -specific humoral and cellular responses for more than six months in convalescent SARS-CoV-2 individuals. Given the current evidence, NK cell subpopulations, especially the memory-like NK cell subset, indicate a significant role in determining COVID-19 severity. Still, the information on the long-term NK cell immunity conferred by SARS-CoV-2 infection is scant. The evidence from vaccine clinical trials and observational studies indicates that hybrid natural/vaccine immunity to SARS-CoV-2 seems to be notably potent protection. We suggested the combination of plasma therapy from recovered donors and vaccination could be effective. This focused review aims to update the current information regarding immune correlates of COVID-19 recovery to understand better the probability of reinfection in COVID-19 infected cases that may serve as guides for ongoing vaccine strategy improvement. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-05-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9163347/ /pubmed/35669767 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.884879 Text en Copyright © 2022 Soleimanian, Alyasin, Sepahi, Ghahramani, Kanannejad, Yaghobi and Karimi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Soleimanian, Saeede Alyasin, Soheila Sepahi, Najmeh Ghahramani, Zahra Kanannejad, Zahra Yaghobi, Ramin Karimi, Mohammad Hossein An Update on Protective Effectiveness of Immune Responses After Recovery From COVID-19 |
title | An Update on Protective Effectiveness of Immune Responses After Recovery From COVID-19 |
title_full | An Update on Protective Effectiveness of Immune Responses After Recovery From COVID-19 |
title_fullStr | An Update on Protective Effectiveness of Immune Responses After Recovery From COVID-19 |
title_full_unstemmed | An Update on Protective Effectiveness of Immune Responses After Recovery From COVID-19 |
title_short | An Update on Protective Effectiveness of Immune Responses After Recovery From COVID-19 |
title_sort | update on protective effectiveness of immune responses after recovery from covid-19 |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9163347/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35669767 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.884879 |
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