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The Immunological Roles of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating type of neurological disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with high mortality and disability. The pathological processes of SCI can usually be described as two stages, namely, primary and acute secondary injuries. Secondary injury produces more signi...

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Autores principales: Jiang, Yizhen, Guo, Jianbin, Tang, Xiangwen, Wang, Xiaohui, Hao, Dingjun, Yang, Hao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9163387/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35669779
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.881162
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author Jiang, Yizhen
Guo, Jianbin
Tang, Xiangwen
Wang, Xiaohui
Hao, Dingjun
Yang, Hao
author_facet Jiang, Yizhen
Guo, Jianbin
Tang, Xiangwen
Wang, Xiaohui
Hao, Dingjun
Yang, Hao
author_sort Jiang, Yizhen
collection PubMed
description Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating type of neurological disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with high mortality and disability. The pathological processes of SCI can usually be described as two stages, namely, primary and acute secondary injuries. Secondary injury produces more significant exacerbations of the initial injury. Among all the mechanisms of secondary damage, infection and inflammatory responses, as the principle culprits in initiating the second phase of SCI, can greatly contribute to the severity of SCI and numerous sequelae after SCI. Therefore, effectively antagonizing pro-inflammatory responses may be a promising treatment strategy to facilitate functional recovery after SCI. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), a unique type of glial cells, have increasingly become potential candidates for cell-based therapy in the injured CNS. Strikingly, there is growing evidence that the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory role of OECs are associated with the immune properties and secretory functions of these cells responsible for anti-neuroinflammation and immunoregulatory effects, leading to maintenance of the internal microenvironment. Accordingly, a more profound understanding of the mechanism of OEC immunological functions in the treatment of SCI would be beneficial to improve the therapeutic clinical applications of OECs for SCI. In this review, we mainly summarize recent research on the cellular and molecular immune attributes of OECs. The unique biological functions of these cells in promoting neural regeneration are discussed in relation of the development of novel therapies for CNS injury.
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spelling pubmed-91633872022-06-05 The Immunological Roles of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury Jiang, Yizhen Guo, Jianbin Tang, Xiangwen Wang, Xiaohui Hao, Dingjun Yang, Hao Front Immunol Immunology Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating type of neurological disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with high mortality and disability. The pathological processes of SCI can usually be described as two stages, namely, primary and acute secondary injuries. Secondary injury produces more significant exacerbations of the initial injury. Among all the mechanisms of secondary damage, infection and inflammatory responses, as the principle culprits in initiating the second phase of SCI, can greatly contribute to the severity of SCI and numerous sequelae after SCI. Therefore, effectively antagonizing pro-inflammatory responses may be a promising treatment strategy to facilitate functional recovery after SCI. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), a unique type of glial cells, have increasingly become potential candidates for cell-based therapy in the injured CNS. Strikingly, there is growing evidence that the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory role of OECs are associated with the immune properties and secretory functions of these cells responsible for anti-neuroinflammation and immunoregulatory effects, leading to maintenance of the internal microenvironment. Accordingly, a more profound understanding of the mechanism of OEC immunological functions in the treatment of SCI would be beneficial to improve the therapeutic clinical applications of OECs for SCI. In this review, we mainly summarize recent research on the cellular and molecular immune attributes of OECs. The unique biological functions of these cells in promoting neural regeneration are discussed in relation of the development of novel therapies for CNS injury. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-05-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9163387/ /pubmed/35669779 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.881162 Text en Copyright © 2022 Jiang, Guo, Tang, Wang, Hao and Yang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Jiang, Yizhen
Guo, Jianbin
Tang, Xiangwen
Wang, Xiaohui
Hao, Dingjun
Yang, Hao
The Immunological Roles of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury
title The Immunological Roles of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury
title_full The Immunological Roles of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury
title_fullStr The Immunological Roles of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury
title_full_unstemmed The Immunological Roles of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury
title_short The Immunological Roles of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury
title_sort immunological roles of olfactory ensheathing cells in the treatment of spinal cord injury
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9163387/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35669779
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.881162
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