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Influence of indoor airflow on particle spread of a single breath and cough in enclosures: Does opening a window really ‘help’?
The spread of respiratory diseases via aerosol particles in indoor settings is of significant concern. The SARS-CoV-2 virus has been found to spread widely in confined enclosures like hotels, hospitals, cruise ships, prisons, and churches. Particles exhaled from a person indoors can remain suspended...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Turkish National Committee for Air Pollution Research and Control. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9167821/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35692900 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2022.101473 |
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author | van Beest, M.R.R.S. Arpino, F. Hlinka, O. Sauret, E. van Beest, N.R.T.P. Humphries, R.S. Buonanno, G. Morawska, L. Governatori, G. Motta, N. |
author_facet | van Beest, M.R.R.S. Arpino, F. Hlinka, O. Sauret, E. van Beest, N.R.T.P. Humphries, R.S. Buonanno, G. Morawska, L. Governatori, G. Motta, N. |
author_sort | van Beest, M.R.R.S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The spread of respiratory diseases via aerosol particles in indoor settings is of significant concern. The SARS-CoV-2 virus has been found to spread widely in confined enclosures like hotels, hospitals, cruise ships, prisons, and churches. Particles exhaled from a person indoors can remain suspended long enough for increasing the opportunity for particles to spread spatially. Careful consideration of the ventilation system is essential to minimise the spread of particles containing infectious pathogens. Previous studies have shown that indoor airflow induced by opened windows would minimise the spread of particles. However, how outdoor airflow through an open window influences the indoor airflow has not been considered. The aim of this study is to provide a clear understanding of the indoor particle spread across multiple rooms, in a situation similar to what is found in quarantine hotels and cruise ships, using a combination of HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning) ventilation and an opening window. Using a previously validated mathematical model, we used 3D CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulations to investigate to what extent different indoor airflow scenarios contribute to the transport of a single injection of particles ([Formula: see text]) in a basic 3D multi-room indoor environment. Although this study is limited to short times, we demonstrate that in certain conditions approximately 80% of the particles move from one room to the corridor and over 60% move to the nearby room within 5 to 15 s. Our results provide additional information to help identifying relevant recommendations to limit particles from spreading in enclosures. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9167821 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Turkish National Committee for Air Pollution Research and Control. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91678212022-06-07 Influence of indoor airflow on particle spread of a single breath and cough in enclosures: Does opening a window really ‘help’? van Beest, M.R.R.S. Arpino, F. Hlinka, O. Sauret, E. van Beest, N.R.T.P. Humphries, R.S. Buonanno, G. Morawska, L. Governatori, G. Motta, N. Atmos Pollut Res Article The spread of respiratory diseases via aerosol particles in indoor settings is of significant concern. The SARS-CoV-2 virus has been found to spread widely in confined enclosures like hotels, hospitals, cruise ships, prisons, and churches. Particles exhaled from a person indoors can remain suspended long enough for increasing the opportunity for particles to spread spatially. Careful consideration of the ventilation system is essential to minimise the spread of particles containing infectious pathogens. Previous studies have shown that indoor airflow induced by opened windows would minimise the spread of particles. However, how outdoor airflow through an open window influences the indoor airflow has not been considered. The aim of this study is to provide a clear understanding of the indoor particle spread across multiple rooms, in a situation similar to what is found in quarantine hotels and cruise ships, using a combination of HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning) ventilation and an opening window. Using a previously validated mathematical model, we used 3D CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulations to investigate to what extent different indoor airflow scenarios contribute to the transport of a single injection of particles ([Formula: see text]) in a basic 3D multi-room indoor environment. Although this study is limited to short times, we demonstrate that in certain conditions approximately 80% of the particles move from one room to the corridor and over 60% move to the nearby room within 5 to 15 s. Our results provide additional information to help identifying relevant recommendations to limit particles from spreading in enclosures. Turkish National Committee for Air Pollution Research and Control. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. 2022-07 2022-06-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9167821/ /pubmed/35692900 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2022.101473 Text en © 2022 Turkish National Committee for Air Pollution Research and Control. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Article van Beest, M.R.R.S. Arpino, F. Hlinka, O. Sauret, E. van Beest, N.R.T.P. Humphries, R.S. Buonanno, G. Morawska, L. Governatori, G. Motta, N. Influence of indoor airflow on particle spread of a single breath and cough in enclosures: Does opening a window really ‘help’? |
title | Influence of indoor airflow on particle spread of a single breath and cough in enclosures: Does opening a window really ‘help’? |
title_full | Influence of indoor airflow on particle spread of a single breath and cough in enclosures: Does opening a window really ‘help’? |
title_fullStr | Influence of indoor airflow on particle spread of a single breath and cough in enclosures: Does opening a window really ‘help’? |
title_full_unstemmed | Influence of indoor airflow on particle spread of a single breath and cough in enclosures: Does opening a window really ‘help’? |
title_short | Influence of indoor airflow on particle spread of a single breath and cough in enclosures: Does opening a window really ‘help’? |
title_sort | influence of indoor airflow on particle spread of a single breath and cough in enclosures: does opening a window really ‘help’? |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9167821/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35692900 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2022.101473 |
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