Cargando…
Effect of intermittency factor on singlet oxygen and PGE(2) formation in azulene-mediated photodynamic therapy: A preliminary study
In photodynamic therapy, intermittent irradiation modes that incorporate an interval between pulses are believed to decrease the effect of hypoxia by permitting an interval of re-oxygenation. The effect of the irradiation intermittency factor (the ratio of the irradiation pulse time to the total irr...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9168118/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35677631 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101290 |
_version_ | 1784720930260385792 |
---|---|
author | Damrongrungruang, Teerasak Phiphitaporn, Sujaree Salacheep, Nuttakul Sritragool, Chonlada Teerakapong, Aroon Meesawat, Kittipitch Kruesubthaworn, Anan Ruangsuwan, Chaiyapong Weera-archakul, Wilawan |
author_facet | Damrongrungruang, Teerasak Phiphitaporn, Sujaree Salacheep, Nuttakul Sritragool, Chonlada Teerakapong, Aroon Meesawat, Kittipitch Kruesubthaworn, Anan Ruangsuwan, Chaiyapong Weera-archakul, Wilawan |
author_sort | Damrongrungruang, Teerasak |
collection | PubMed |
description | In photodynamic therapy, intermittent irradiation modes that incorporate an interval between pulses are believed to decrease the effect of hypoxia by permitting an interval of re-oxygenation. The effect of the irradiation intermittency factor (the ratio of the irradiation pulse time to the total irradiation time) on singlet oxygen formation and inflammatory cytokine production was examined using azulene as a photosensitizer. Effects of difference intermittency factor on singlet oxygen formation and inflammatory cytokine were examined. Azulene solutions (1/10 μM) were irradiated with a 638-nm 500 mW diode laser in fractionation (intermittency factor of 5 or 9) or continuous mode using 50 mW/cm(2) at 4 or 8 J/cm(2). Singlet oxygen measurement was performed using a dimethyl anthracene probe. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated by 10 ng/ml rhTNF-α for 6 h, before addition of 1 and 10 μM azulene solutions and irradiation. PGE(2) measurement was undertaken using a human PGE(2) ELISA kit. Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn Bonferroni test was used for statistical analyses at p < 0.05.Irradiation of 1 μM azulene+4 J/cm(2)+intermittency factor of 9 increased singlet oxygen 3-fold (p < 0.0001). Irradiation of 10 μM azulene at either 4 J/cm(2)+intermittency of 9 or 8 J/cm(2)+intermittency factor of 5 reduced PGE(2) expression in PBMCs to non-inflamed levels. Thus, at 50 mW/cm(2), 10 μM azulene-mediated photodynamic therapy with a high intermittency factor and a low energy density generated sufficient singlet oxygen to suppress PGE(2) in Inflamed PBMCs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9168118 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91681182022-06-07 Effect of intermittency factor on singlet oxygen and PGE(2) formation in azulene-mediated photodynamic therapy: A preliminary study Damrongrungruang, Teerasak Phiphitaporn, Sujaree Salacheep, Nuttakul Sritragool, Chonlada Teerakapong, Aroon Meesawat, Kittipitch Kruesubthaworn, Anan Ruangsuwan, Chaiyapong Weera-archakul, Wilawan Biochem Biophys Rep Research Article In photodynamic therapy, intermittent irradiation modes that incorporate an interval between pulses are believed to decrease the effect of hypoxia by permitting an interval of re-oxygenation. The effect of the irradiation intermittency factor (the ratio of the irradiation pulse time to the total irradiation time) on singlet oxygen formation and inflammatory cytokine production was examined using azulene as a photosensitizer. Effects of difference intermittency factor on singlet oxygen formation and inflammatory cytokine were examined. Azulene solutions (1/10 μM) were irradiated with a 638-nm 500 mW diode laser in fractionation (intermittency factor of 5 or 9) or continuous mode using 50 mW/cm(2) at 4 or 8 J/cm(2). Singlet oxygen measurement was performed using a dimethyl anthracene probe. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated by 10 ng/ml rhTNF-α for 6 h, before addition of 1 and 10 μM azulene solutions and irradiation. PGE(2) measurement was undertaken using a human PGE(2) ELISA kit. Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn Bonferroni test was used for statistical analyses at p < 0.05.Irradiation of 1 μM azulene+4 J/cm(2)+intermittency factor of 9 increased singlet oxygen 3-fold (p < 0.0001). Irradiation of 10 μM azulene at either 4 J/cm(2)+intermittency of 9 or 8 J/cm(2)+intermittency factor of 5 reduced PGE(2) expression in PBMCs to non-inflamed levels. Thus, at 50 mW/cm(2), 10 μM azulene-mediated photodynamic therapy with a high intermittency factor and a low energy density generated sufficient singlet oxygen to suppress PGE(2) in Inflamed PBMCs. Elsevier 2022-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9168118/ /pubmed/35677631 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101290 Text en © 2022 Published by Elsevier B.V. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Research Article Damrongrungruang, Teerasak Phiphitaporn, Sujaree Salacheep, Nuttakul Sritragool, Chonlada Teerakapong, Aroon Meesawat, Kittipitch Kruesubthaworn, Anan Ruangsuwan, Chaiyapong Weera-archakul, Wilawan Effect of intermittency factor on singlet oxygen and PGE(2) formation in azulene-mediated photodynamic therapy: A preliminary study |
title | Effect of intermittency factor on singlet oxygen and PGE(2) formation in azulene-mediated photodynamic therapy: A preliminary study |
title_full | Effect of intermittency factor on singlet oxygen and PGE(2) formation in azulene-mediated photodynamic therapy: A preliminary study |
title_fullStr | Effect of intermittency factor on singlet oxygen and PGE(2) formation in azulene-mediated photodynamic therapy: A preliminary study |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of intermittency factor on singlet oxygen and PGE(2) formation in azulene-mediated photodynamic therapy: A preliminary study |
title_short | Effect of intermittency factor on singlet oxygen and PGE(2) formation in azulene-mediated photodynamic therapy: A preliminary study |
title_sort | effect of intermittency factor on singlet oxygen and pge(2) formation in azulene-mediated photodynamic therapy: a preliminary study |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9168118/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35677631 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101290 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT damrongrungruangteerasak effectofintermittencyfactoronsingletoxygenandpge2formationinazulenemediatedphotodynamictherapyapreliminarystudy AT phiphitapornsujaree effectofintermittencyfactoronsingletoxygenandpge2formationinazulenemediatedphotodynamictherapyapreliminarystudy AT salacheepnuttakul effectofintermittencyfactoronsingletoxygenandpge2formationinazulenemediatedphotodynamictherapyapreliminarystudy AT sritragoolchonlada effectofintermittencyfactoronsingletoxygenandpge2formationinazulenemediatedphotodynamictherapyapreliminarystudy AT teerakapongaroon effectofintermittencyfactoronsingletoxygenandpge2formationinazulenemediatedphotodynamictherapyapreliminarystudy AT meesawatkittipitch effectofintermittencyfactoronsingletoxygenandpge2formationinazulenemediatedphotodynamictherapyapreliminarystudy AT kruesubthawornanan effectofintermittencyfactoronsingletoxygenandpge2formationinazulenemediatedphotodynamictherapyapreliminarystudy AT ruangsuwanchaiyapong effectofintermittencyfactoronsingletoxygenandpge2formationinazulenemediatedphotodynamictherapyapreliminarystudy AT weeraarchakulwilawan effectofintermittencyfactoronsingletoxygenandpge2formationinazulenemediatedphotodynamictherapyapreliminarystudy |