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Heat Stress Affects Jejunal Immunity of Yellow-Feathered Broilers and Is Potentially Mediated by the Microbiome

In the perspective of the global climate change leading to increasing temperature, heat stress (HS) has become a severe issue in broiler production, including the indigenous yellow-feathered broilers. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of HS on jejunal immune response, microbiota str...

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Autores principales: Liu, Wen-Chao, Huang, Meng-Yi, Balasubramanian, Balamuralikrishnan, Jha, Rajesh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9168313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35677094
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.913696
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author Liu, Wen-Chao
Huang, Meng-Yi
Balasubramanian, Balamuralikrishnan
Jha, Rajesh
author_facet Liu, Wen-Chao
Huang, Meng-Yi
Balasubramanian, Balamuralikrishnan
Jha, Rajesh
author_sort Liu, Wen-Chao
collection PubMed
description In the perspective of the global climate change leading to increasing temperature, heat stress (HS) has become a severe issue in broiler production, including the indigenous yellow-feathered broilers. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of HS on jejunal immune response, microbiota structure and their correlation in yellow-feathered broilers. A total of forty female broilers (56-days-old) were randomly and equally divided into normal treatment group (NT group, 21.3 ± 1.2°C, 24 h/day) and HS group (32.5 ± 1.4°C, 8 h/day) with five replicates of each for 4 weeks feeding trial. The results showed that HS exposure increased the contents of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in jejunal mucosa (p < 0.05). The HS exposure up-regulated the relative fold changes of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 (p < 0.01) while down-regulated the relative fold change of IFN-γ in jejunal mucosa (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, HS had no significant impacts on alpha diversity of jejunal microbiota such as Simpson, Chao1 richness estimator (Chao 1), abundance-based coverage estimators (ACE), and Shannon index (p > 0.10). Broilers exposed to HS reduced the jejunal microbial species number at the class and order level (p < 0.05). Moreover, HS decreased the relative abundance of Ruminococcus, Bdellovibrio, and Serratia at the genus level in jejunum (p < 0.05). At the phylum level, four species of bacteria (Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Thermi, and TM7) were significantly associated with immune-related genes expression (p < 0.05). At the genus level, ten species of bacteria were significantly correlated with the expression of immune-related genes (p < 0.05), including Caulobacteraceae, Actinomyces, Ruminococcaceae, Thermus, Bdellovibrio, Clostridiales, Sediminibacterium, Bacteroides, Sphingomonadales and Ruminococcus. In particular, the microbial with significantly different abundances, Ruminococcus and Bdellovibrio, were negatively associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines expression (p < 0.05). These findings demonstrated that HS exposure promoted the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in yellow-feathered broilers’ jejunum. The detrimental effects of HS on jejunal immune response might be related to dysbiosis, especially the reduced levels of Ruminococcus and Bdellovibrio.
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spelling pubmed-91683132022-06-07 Heat Stress Affects Jejunal Immunity of Yellow-Feathered Broilers and Is Potentially Mediated by the Microbiome Liu, Wen-Chao Huang, Meng-Yi Balasubramanian, Balamuralikrishnan Jha, Rajesh Front Physiol Physiology In the perspective of the global climate change leading to increasing temperature, heat stress (HS) has become a severe issue in broiler production, including the indigenous yellow-feathered broilers. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of HS on jejunal immune response, microbiota structure and their correlation in yellow-feathered broilers. A total of forty female broilers (56-days-old) were randomly and equally divided into normal treatment group (NT group, 21.3 ± 1.2°C, 24 h/day) and HS group (32.5 ± 1.4°C, 8 h/day) with five replicates of each for 4 weeks feeding trial. The results showed that HS exposure increased the contents of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in jejunal mucosa (p < 0.05). The HS exposure up-regulated the relative fold changes of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 (p < 0.01) while down-regulated the relative fold change of IFN-γ in jejunal mucosa (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, HS had no significant impacts on alpha diversity of jejunal microbiota such as Simpson, Chao1 richness estimator (Chao 1), abundance-based coverage estimators (ACE), and Shannon index (p > 0.10). Broilers exposed to HS reduced the jejunal microbial species number at the class and order level (p < 0.05). Moreover, HS decreased the relative abundance of Ruminococcus, Bdellovibrio, and Serratia at the genus level in jejunum (p < 0.05). At the phylum level, four species of bacteria (Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Thermi, and TM7) were significantly associated with immune-related genes expression (p < 0.05). At the genus level, ten species of bacteria were significantly correlated with the expression of immune-related genes (p < 0.05), including Caulobacteraceae, Actinomyces, Ruminococcaceae, Thermus, Bdellovibrio, Clostridiales, Sediminibacterium, Bacteroides, Sphingomonadales and Ruminococcus. In particular, the microbial with significantly different abundances, Ruminococcus and Bdellovibrio, were negatively associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines expression (p < 0.05). These findings demonstrated that HS exposure promoted the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in yellow-feathered broilers’ jejunum. The detrimental effects of HS on jejunal immune response might be related to dysbiosis, especially the reduced levels of Ruminococcus and Bdellovibrio. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-05-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9168313/ /pubmed/35677094 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.913696 Text en Copyright © 2022 Liu, Huang, Balasubramanian and Jha. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Liu, Wen-Chao
Huang, Meng-Yi
Balasubramanian, Balamuralikrishnan
Jha, Rajesh
Heat Stress Affects Jejunal Immunity of Yellow-Feathered Broilers and Is Potentially Mediated by the Microbiome
title Heat Stress Affects Jejunal Immunity of Yellow-Feathered Broilers and Is Potentially Mediated by the Microbiome
title_full Heat Stress Affects Jejunal Immunity of Yellow-Feathered Broilers and Is Potentially Mediated by the Microbiome
title_fullStr Heat Stress Affects Jejunal Immunity of Yellow-Feathered Broilers and Is Potentially Mediated by the Microbiome
title_full_unstemmed Heat Stress Affects Jejunal Immunity of Yellow-Feathered Broilers and Is Potentially Mediated by the Microbiome
title_short Heat Stress Affects Jejunal Immunity of Yellow-Feathered Broilers and Is Potentially Mediated by the Microbiome
title_sort heat stress affects jejunal immunity of yellow-feathered broilers and is potentially mediated by the microbiome
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9168313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35677094
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.913696
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