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Human shoulder development is adapted to obstetrical constraints
In humans, obstetrical difficulties arise from the large head and broad shoulders of the neonate relative to the maternal birth canal. Various characteristics of human cranial development, such as the relatively small head of neonates compared with adults and the delayed fusion of the metopic suture...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
National Academy of Sciences
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9169817/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35412896 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2114935119 |
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author | Kawada, Mikaze Nakatsukasa, Masato Nishimura, Takeshi Kaneko, Akihisa Ogihara, Naomichi Yamada, Shigehito Coudyzer, Walter Zollikofer, Christoph P. E. Ponce de León, Marcia S. Morimoto, Naoki |
author_facet | Kawada, Mikaze Nakatsukasa, Masato Nishimura, Takeshi Kaneko, Akihisa Ogihara, Naomichi Yamada, Shigehito Coudyzer, Walter Zollikofer, Christoph P. E. Ponce de León, Marcia S. Morimoto, Naoki |
author_sort | Kawada, Mikaze |
collection | PubMed |
description | In humans, obstetrical difficulties arise from the large head and broad shoulders of the neonate relative to the maternal birth canal. Various characteristics of human cranial development, such as the relatively small head of neonates compared with adults and the delayed fusion of the metopic suture, have been suggested to reflect developmental adaptations to obstetrical constraints. On the other hand, it remains unknown whether the shoulders of humans also exhibit developmental features reflecting obstetrical adaptation. Here we address this question by tracking the development of shoulder width from fetal to adult stages in humans, chimpanzees, and Japanese macaques. Compared with nonhuman primates, shoulder development in humans follows a different trajectory, exhibiting reduced growth relative to trunk length before birth and enhanced growth after birth. This indicates that the perinatal developmental characteristics of the shoulders likely evolved to ease obstetrical difficulties such as shoulder dystocia in humans. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9169817 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91698172022-10-11 Human shoulder development is adapted to obstetrical constraints Kawada, Mikaze Nakatsukasa, Masato Nishimura, Takeshi Kaneko, Akihisa Ogihara, Naomichi Yamada, Shigehito Coudyzer, Walter Zollikofer, Christoph P. E. Ponce de León, Marcia S. Morimoto, Naoki Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Biological Sciences In humans, obstetrical difficulties arise from the large head and broad shoulders of the neonate relative to the maternal birth canal. Various characteristics of human cranial development, such as the relatively small head of neonates compared with adults and the delayed fusion of the metopic suture, have been suggested to reflect developmental adaptations to obstetrical constraints. On the other hand, it remains unknown whether the shoulders of humans also exhibit developmental features reflecting obstetrical adaptation. Here we address this question by tracking the development of shoulder width from fetal to adult stages in humans, chimpanzees, and Japanese macaques. Compared with nonhuman primates, shoulder development in humans follows a different trajectory, exhibiting reduced growth relative to trunk length before birth and enhanced growth after birth. This indicates that the perinatal developmental characteristics of the shoulders likely evolved to ease obstetrical difficulties such as shoulder dystocia in humans. National Academy of Sciences 2022-04-11 2022-04-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9169817/ /pubmed/35412896 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2114935119 Text en Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Biological Sciences Kawada, Mikaze Nakatsukasa, Masato Nishimura, Takeshi Kaneko, Akihisa Ogihara, Naomichi Yamada, Shigehito Coudyzer, Walter Zollikofer, Christoph P. E. Ponce de León, Marcia S. Morimoto, Naoki Human shoulder development is adapted to obstetrical constraints |
title | Human shoulder development is adapted to obstetrical constraints |
title_full | Human shoulder development is adapted to obstetrical constraints |
title_fullStr | Human shoulder development is adapted to obstetrical constraints |
title_full_unstemmed | Human shoulder development is adapted to obstetrical constraints |
title_short | Human shoulder development is adapted to obstetrical constraints |
title_sort | human shoulder development is adapted to obstetrical constraints |
topic | Biological Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9169817/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35412896 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2114935119 |
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