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Energy Transition Pathways for Deep Decarbonization of the Greater Montreal Region: An Energy Optimization Framework

More than half of the world’s population live in cities, and by 2050, it is expected that this proportion will reach almost 68%. These densely populated cities consume more than 75% of the world’s primary energy and are responsible for the emission of around 70% of anthropogenic carbon. Providing su...

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Autores principales: Aliakbari Sani, Sajad, Maroufmashat, Azadeh, Babonneau, Frédéric, Bahn, Olivier, Delage, Erick, Haurie, Alain, Mousseau, Normand, Vaillancourt, Kathleen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9169900/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35911129
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103760
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author Aliakbari Sani, Sajad
Maroufmashat, Azadeh
Babonneau, Frédéric
Bahn, Olivier
Delage, Erick
Haurie, Alain
Mousseau, Normand
Vaillancourt, Kathleen
author_facet Aliakbari Sani, Sajad
Maroufmashat, Azadeh
Babonneau, Frédéric
Bahn, Olivier
Delage, Erick
Haurie, Alain
Mousseau, Normand
Vaillancourt, Kathleen
author_sort Aliakbari Sani, Sajad
collection PubMed
description More than half of the world’s population live in cities, and by 2050, it is expected that this proportion will reach almost 68%. These densely populated cities consume more than 75% of the world’s primary energy and are responsible for the emission of around 70% of anthropogenic carbon. Providing sustainable energy for the growing demand in cities requires multifaceted planning approach. In this study, we modeled the energy system of the Greater Montreal region to evaluate the impact of different environmental mitigation policies on the energy system of this region over a long-term period (2020–2050). In doing so, we have used the open-source optimization-based model called the Energy–Technology–Environment Model (ETEM). The ETEM is a long-term bottom–up energy model that provides insight into the best options for cities to procure energy, and satisfies useful demands while reducing carbon dioxide (CO(2)) emissions. Results show that, under a deep decarbonization scenario, the transportation, commercial, and residential sectors will contribute to emission reduction by 6.9, 1.6, and 1 million ton CO(2)-eq in 2050, respectively, compared with their 2020 levels. This is mainly achieved by (i) replacing fossil fuel cars with electric-based vehicles in private and public transportation sectors; (ii) replacing fossil fuel furnaces with electric heat pumps to satisfy heating demand in buildings; and (iii) improving the efficiency of buildings by isolating walls and roofs.
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spelling pubmed-91699002022-07-27 Energy Transition Pathways for Deep Decarbonization of the Greater Montreal Region: An Energy Optimization Framework Aliakbari Sani, Sajad Maroufmashat, Azadeh Babonneau, Frédéric Bahn, Olivier Delage, Erick Haurie, Alain Mousseau, Normand Vaillancourt, Kathleen Energies (Basel) Article More than half of the world’s population live in cities, and by 2050, it is expected that this proportion will reach almost 68%. These densely populated cities consume more than 75% of the world’s primary energy and are responsible for the emission of around 70% of anthropogenic carbon. Providing sustainable energy for the growing demand in cities requires multifaceted planning approach. In this study, we modeled the energy system of the Greater Montreal region to evaluate the impact of different environmental mitigation policies on the energy system of this region over a long-term period (2020–2050). In doing so, we have used the open-source optimization-based model called the Energy–Technology–Environment Model (ETEM). The ETEM is a long-term bottom–up energy model that provides insight into the best options for cities to procure energy, and satisfies useful demands while reducing carbon dioxide (CO(2)) emissions. Results show that, under a deep decarbonization scenario, the transportation, commercial, and residential sectors will contribute to emission reduction by 6.9, 1.6, and 1 million ton CO(2)-eq in 2050, respectively, compared with their 2020 levels. This is mainly achieved by (i) replacing fossil fuel cars with electric-based vehicles in private and public transportation sectors; (ii) replacing fossil fuel furnaces with electric heat pumps to satisfy heating demand in buildings; and (iii) improving the efficiency of buildings by isolating walls and roofs. MDPI 2022-05-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9169900/ /pubmed/35911129 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103760 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Aliakbari Sani, Sajad
Maroufmashat, Azadeh
Babonneau, Frédéric
Bahn, Olivier
Delage, Erick
Haurie, Alain
Mousseau, Normand
Vaillancourt, Kathleen
Energy Transition Pathways for Deep Decarbonization of the Greater Montreal Region: An Energy Optimization Framework
title Energy Transition Pathways for Deep Decarbonization of the Greater Montreal Region: An Energy Optimization Framework
title_full Energy Transition Pathways for Deep Decarbonization of the Greater Montreal Region: An Energy Optimization Framework
title_fullStr Energy Transition Pathways for Deep Decarbonization of the Greater Montreal Region: An Energy Optimization Framework
title_full_unstemmed Energy Transition Pathways for Deep Decarbonization of the Greater Montreal Region: An Energy Optimization Framework
title_short Energy Transition Pathways for Deep Decarbonization of the Greater Montreal Region: An Energy Optimization Framework
title_sort energy transition pathways for deep decarbonization of the greater montreal region: an energy optimization framework
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9169900/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35911129
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103760
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