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The Association Between Antipsychotics and Weight Gain and the Potential Role of Metformin Concomitant Use: A Retrospective Cohort Study

BACKGROUND: Obesity and its complications are associated with several adverse effects that may cause a serious impact on health. Antipsychotics-induced weight gain (AIWG) is one of the major, yet often neglected side effects of first and second generations antipsychotics. Importantly, several resear...

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Autores principales: Hakami, Alqassem Y., Felemban, Razaz, Ahmad, Rami Ghazi, Al-Samadani, Abdulrahman H., Salamatullah, Hassan K., Baljoon, Jamil M., Alghamdi, Loay J., Ramadani Sindi, Mostafa H., Ahmed, Mohamed Eldigire
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9170991/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35686187
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165
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author Hakami, Alqassem Y.
Felemban, Razaz
Ahmad, Rami Ghazi
Al-Samadani, Abdulrahman H.
Salamatullah, Hassan K.
Baljoon, Jamil M.
Alghamdi, Loay J.
Ramadani Sindi, Mostafa H.
Ahmed, Mohamed Eldigire
author_facet Hakami, Alqassem Y.
Felemban, Razaz
Ahmad, Rami Ghazi
Al-Samadani, Abdulrahman H.
Salamatullah, Hassan K.
Baljoon, Jamil M.
Alghamdi, Loay J.
Ramadani Sindi, Mostafa H.
Ahmed, Mohamed Eldigire
author_sort Hakami, Alqassem Y.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Obesity and its complications are associated with several adverse effects that may cause a serious impact on health. Antipsychotics-induced weight gain (AIWG) is one of the major, yet often neglected side effects of first and second generations antipsychotics. Importantly, several researches have shown metformin to be effective in managing weight gain especially, with AIWG. This study investigated the effect of antipsychotics use on weight gain and the theory of metformin concomitant use on the prevention of AIWG. METHODS: A retrospective cohort review of the medical records of patients from the psychiatry outpatient clinics in the King Abdulaziz Medical city, a tertiary hospital in Jeddah from May 2016 to August 2021. The population of patients in Psychiatry section was 4,141. The sampling technique was a non-random consecutive sampling technique. Moreover, the included patients’ records were divided to group 1 (patients on antipsychotics) and group 2 (patients using antipsychotics with Metformin). RESULTS: According to the study criteria, 395 patients’ records were included. A total of 309 (78%) patients were using antipsychotics without metformin, which in this study were depicted as group 1. In addition, a total of 86 (22%) were using antipsychotics with metformin, which in this study were assigned as group 2. Out of Group 1 patients (n = 309), only 67 patients experienced weight loss (21.68%), 43 remained with no weight change (13.92%), and 199 experienced weight gain (64.4%). Out of Group 2 patients (n = 86), 35 patients experienced weight loss (40.7%), 18 patients remained with no weight change (20.93%), and 33 experienced weight gain (38.37%). In addition, group 1 had a mean weight change of 2.5 kg, whereas group 2 had a mean weight change of −0.04 kg. CONCLUSION: Statistical analysis revealed that patients on antipsychotics alone experienced weight gain, whereas the concomitant use of metformin showed reduction in the weight gain tendency. Thus, study outcomes indicate that concomitant use of metformin with antipsychotics might significantly reduce the AIWG.
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spelling pubmed-91709912022-06-08 The Association Between Antipsychotics and Weight Gain and the Potential Role of Metformin Concomitant Use: A Retrospective Cohort Study Hakami, Alqassem Y. Felemban, Razaz Ahmad, Rami Ghazi Al-Samadani, Abdulrahman H. Salamatullah, Hassan K. Baljoon, Jamil M. Alghamdi, Loay J. Ramadani Sindi, Mostafa H. Ahmed, Mohamed Eldigire Front Psychiatry Psychiatry BACKGROUND: Obesity and its complications are associated with several adverse effects that may cause a serious impact on health. Antipsychotics-induced weight gain (AIWG) is one of the major, yet often neglected side effects of first and second generations antipsychotics. Importantly, several researches have shown metformin to be effective in managing weight gain especially, with AIWG. This study investigated the effect of antipsychotics use on weight gain and the theory of metformin concomitant use on the prevention of AIWG. METHODS: A retrospective cohort review of the medical records of patients from the psychiatry outpatient clinics in the King Abdulaziz Medical city, a tertiary hospital in Jeddah from May 2016 to August 2021. The population of patients in Psychiatry section was 4,141. The sampling technique was a non-random consecutive sampling technique. Moreover, the included patients’ records were divided to group 1 (patients on antipsychotics) and group 2 (patients using antipsychotics with Metformin). RESULTS: According to the study criteria, 395 patients’ records were included. A total of 309 (78%) patients were using antipsychotics without metformin, which in this study were depicted as group 1. In addition, a total of 86 (22%) were using antipsychotics with metformin, which in this study were assigned as group 2. Out of Group 1 patients (n = 309), only 67 patients experienced weight loss (21.68%), 43 remained with no weight change (13.92%), and 199 experienced weight gain (64.4%). Out of Group 2 patients (n = 86), 35 patients experienced weight loss (40.7%), 18 patients remained with no weight change (20.93%), and 33 experienced weight gain (38.37%). In addition, group 1 had a mean weight change of 2.5 kg, whereas group 2 had a mean weight change of −0.04 kg. CONCLUSION: Statistical analysis revealed that patients on antipsychotics alone experienced weight gain, whereas the concomitant use of metformin showed reduction in the weight gain tendency. Thus, study outcomes indicate that concomitant use of metformin with antipsychotics might significantly reduce the AIWG. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-05-24 /pmc/articles/PMC9170991/ /pubmed/35686187 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165 Text en Copyright © 2022 Hakami, Felemban, Ahmad, Al-Samadani, Salamatullah, Baljoon, Alghamdi, Ramadani Sindi and Ahmed. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Hakami, Alqassem Y.
Felemban, Razaz
Ahmad, Rami Ghazi
Al-Samadani, Abdulrahman H.
Salamatullah, Hassan K.
Baljoon, Jamil M.
Alghamdi, Loay J.
Ramadani Sindi, Mostafa H.
Ahmed, Mohamed Eldigire
The Association Between Antipsychotics and Weight Gain and the Potential Role of Metformin Concomitant Use: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title The Association Between Antipsychotics and Weight Gain and the Potential Role of Metformin Concomitant Use: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full The Association Between Antipsychotics and Weight Gain and the Potential Role of Metformin Concomitant Use: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_fullStr The Association Between Antipsychotics and Weight Gain and the Potential Role of Metformin Concomitant Use: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed The Association Between Antipsychotics and Weight Gain and the Potential Role of Metformin Concomitant Use: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_short The Association Between Antipsychotics and Weight Gain and the Potential Role of Metformin Concomitant Use: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_sort association between antipsychotics and weight gain and the potential role of metformin concomitant use: a retrospective cohort study
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9170991/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35686187
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914165
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