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Hemorrhagic Lesions in the Central Nervous System: Toxoplasmosis in a Person Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Central nervous system (CNS) toxoplasmosis is one of the common causes of hemorrhagic brain lesions in people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA), resulting in high mortality and morbidity. It has a broad clinical and neuro-radiological spectrum, which may or may not be limited to typical findings of f...

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Autores principales: Arora, Navneet, Kotwani, Sejal, Chhabra, Manika, H, Mohan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9173227/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35693374
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.24827
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author Arora, Navneet
Kotwani, Sejal
Chhabra, Manika
H, Mohan
author_facet Arora, Navneet
Kotwani, Sejal
Chhabra, Manika
H, Mohan
author_sort Arora, Navneet
collection PubMed
description Central nervous system (CNS) toxoplasmosis is one of the common causes of hemorrhagic brain lesions in people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA), resulting in high mortality and morbidity. It has a broad clinical and neuro-radiological spectrum, which may or may not be limited to typical findings of focal and subacute neurological deficits or ring-enhancing lesions in the basal ganglia. Here, we present a case of a patient who is a newly detected person living with HIV and AIDS with a low CD(4) cell count and classical imaging findings of central nervous system toxoplasmosis on his magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. The incidence of opportunistic infections has been reduced after introducing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART); this case will be helpful to clinicians in identifying CNS toxoplasmosis as it has classical imaging findings on the MRI brain.
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spelling pubmed-91732272022-06-10 Hemorrhagic Lesions in the Central Nervous System: Toxoplasmosis in a Person Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Arora, Navneet Kotwani, Sejal Chhabra, Manika H, Mohan Cureus Neurology Central nervous system (CNS) toxoplasmosis is one of the common causes of hemorrhagic brain lesions in people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA), resulting in high mortality and morbidity. It has a broad clinical and neuro-radiological spectrum, which may or may not be limited to typical findings of focal and subacute neurological deficits or ring-enhancing lesions in the basal ganglia. Here, we present a case of a patient who is a newly detected person living with HIV and AIDS with a low CD(4) cell count and classical imaging findings of central nervous system toxoplasmosis on his magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. The incidence of opportunistic infections has been reduced after introducing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART); this case will be helpful to clinicians in identifying CNS toxoplasmosis as it has classical imaging findings on the MRI brain. Cureus 2022-05-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9173227/ /pubmed/35693374 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.24827 Text en Copyright © 2022, Arora et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Neurology
Arora, Navneet
Kotwani, Sejal
Chhabra, Manika
H, Mohan
Hemorrhagic Lesions in the Central Nervous System: Toxoplasmosis in a Person Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
title Hemorrhagic Lesions in the Central Nervous System: Toxoplasmosis in a Person Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
title_full Hemorrhagic Lesions in the Central Nervous System: Toxoplasmosis in a Person Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
title_fullStr Hemorrhagic Lesions in the Central Nervous System: Toxoplasmosis in a Person Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
title_full_unstemmed Hemorrhagic Lesions in the Central Nervous System: Toxoplasmosis in a Person Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
title_short Hemorrhagic Lesions in the Central Nervous System: Toxoplasmosis in a Person Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
title_sort hemorrhagic lesions in the central nervous system: toxoplasmosis in a person living with human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
topic Neurology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9173227/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35693374
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.24827
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