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Spatially and Temporally Distributed Complexity—A Refreshed Framework for the Study of GRN Evolution
Irrespective of the heuristic value of interpretations of developmental processes in terms of gene regulatory networks (GRNs), larger-angle views often suffer from: (i) an inadequate understanding of the relationship between genotype and phenotype; (ii) a predominantly zoocentric vision; and (iii) o...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9179533/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35681485 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11111790 |
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author | Minelli, Alessandro Valero-Gracia, Alberto |
author_facet | Minelli, Alessandro Valero-Gracia, Alberto |
author_sort | Minelli, Alessandro |
collection | PubMed |
description | Irrespective of the heuristic value of interpretations of developmental processes in terms of gene regulatory networks (GRNs), larger-angle views often suffer from: (i) an inadequate understanding of the relationship between genotype and phenotype; (ii) a predominantly zoocentric vision; and (iii) overconfidence in a putatively hierarchical organization of animal body plans. Here, we constructively criticize these assumptions. First, developmental biology is pervaded by adultocentrism, but development is not necessarily egg to adult. Second, during development, many unicells undergo transcriptomic profile transitions that are comparable to those recorded in pluricellular organisms; thus, their study should not be neglected from the GRN perspective. Third, the putatively hierarchical nature of the animal body is mirrored in the GRN logic, but in relating genotype to phenotype, independent assessments of the dynamics of the regulatory machinery and the animal’s architecture are required, better served by a combinatorial than by a hierarchical approach. The trade-offs between spatial and temporal aspects of regulation, as well as their evolutionary consequences, are also discussed. Multicellularity may derive from a unicell’s sequential phenotypes turned into different but coexisting, spatially arranged cell types. In turn, polyphenism may have been a crucial mechanism involved in the origin of complex life cycles. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9179533 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91795332022-06-10 Spatially and Temporally Distributed Complexity—A Refreshed Framework for the Study of GRN Evolution Minelli, Alessandro Valero-Gracia, Alberto Cells Perspective Irrespective of the heuristic value of interpretations of developmental processes in terms of gene regulatory networks (GRNs), larger-angle views often suffer from: (i) an inadequate understanding of the relationship between genotype and phenotype; (ii) a predominantly zoocentric vision; and (iii) overconfidence in a putatively hierarchical organization of animal body plans. Here, we constructively criticize these assumptions. First, developmental biology is pervaded by adultocentrism, but development is not necessarily egg to adult. Second, during development, many unicells undergo transcriptomic profile transitions that are comparable to those recorded in pluricellular organisms; thus, their study should not be neglected from the GRN perspective. Third, the putatively hierarchical nature of the animal body is mirrored in the GRN logic, but in relating genotype to phenotype, independent assessments of the dynamics of the regulatory machinery and the animal’s architecture are required, better served by a combinatorial than by a hierarchical approach. The trade-offs between spatial and temporal aspects of regulation, as well as their evolutionary consequences, are also discussed. Multicellularity may derive from a unicell’s sequential phenotypes turned into different but coexisting, spatially arranged cell types. In turn, polyphenism may have been a crucial mechanism involved in the origin of complex life cycles. MDPI 2022-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9179533/ /pubmed/35681485 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11111790 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Perspective Minelli, Alessandro Valero-Gracia, Alberto Spatially and Temporally Distributed Complexity—A Refreshed Framework for the Study of GRN Evolution |
title | Spatially and Temporally Distributed Complexity—A Refreshed Framework for the Study of GRN Evolution |
title_full | Spatially and Temporally Distributed Complexity—A Refreshed Framework for the Study of GRN Evolution |
title_fullStr | Spatially and Temporally Distributed Complexity—A Refreshed Framework for the Study of GRN Evolution |
title_full_unstemmed | Spatially and Temporally Distributed Complexity—A Refreshed Framework for the Study of GRN Evolution |
title_short | Spatially and Temporally Distributed Complexity—A Refreshed Framework for the Study of GRN Evolution |
title_sort | spatially and temporally distributed complexity—a refreshed framework for the study of grn evolution |
topic | Perspective |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9179533/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35681485 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11111790 |
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