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Intercomparison of Local Warming Trends of Shanghai and Hong Kong Based on 120-Year Temperature Observational Data
Using surface air temperature observations from 1901 to 2020, this study compared the warming trends of Shanghai and Hong Kong over a period of 120 years. The statistical results reveal the following: (1) The average temperatures of the two cities underwent fluctuating increases during the past 120...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9180144/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35682078 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116494 |
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author | Yang, Yawei Li, Lei Chan, Pak-Wai Zhou, Qianjin Sheng, Bosi |
author_facet | Yang, Yawei Li, Lei Chan, Pak-Wai Zhou, Qianjin Sheng, Bosi |
author_sort | Yang, Yawei |
collection | PubMed |
description | Using surface air temperature observations from 1901 to 2020, this study compared the warming trends of Shanghai and Hong Kong over a period of 120 years. The statistical results reveal the following: (1) The average temperatures of the two cities underwent fluctuating increases during the past 120 years, with linear warming rates of 0.23 °C/decade in Shanghai and 0.13 °C/decade in Hong Kong. (2) The fluctuation ranges of maximum temperature in the two cities were considerably higher than those of mean temperature. Moreover, in both cities, the annual mean maximum temperature decreased during a phase of more than a decade. The fluctuation ranges of minimum temperature were smaller, whereas the linear increases were higher than those for the mean temperature. (3) The diurnal temperature ranges (DTRs) of the two cities decreased; a certain phase of the decreases in DTR in the two cities was caused by decreases in the maximum temperature. (4) At a certain stage of urban development, owing to the shading effect of new high-rise buildings, the solar shortwave radiation reaching the Earth’s surface decreased, and anthropogenic heat generated by the energy consumption of buildings and urban human activities at that time was not sufficient to make up for the reduced shortwave radiation. This result may have led to the declines in the maximum temperature experienced by both cities. (5) Currently, the number of hot days and extremely hot days in the two cities has increased significantly compared with that a century ago, indicating that climate warming has an adverse impact on human settlements. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9180144 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91801442022-06-10 Intercomparison of Local Warming Trends of Shanghai and Hong Kong Based on 120-Year Temperature Observational Data Yang, Yawei Li, Lei Chan, Pak-Wai Zhou, Qianjin Sheng, Bosi Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Using surface air temperature observations from 1901 to 2020, this study compared the warming trends of Shanghai and Hong Kong over a period of 120 years. The statistical results reveal the following: (1) The average temperatures of the two cities underwent fluctuating increases during the past 120 years, with linear warming rates of 0.23 °C/decade in Shanghai and 0.13 °C/decade in Hong Kong. (2) The fluctuation ranges of maximum temperature in the two cities were considerably higher than those of mean temperature. Moreover, in both cities, the annual mean maximum temperature decreased during a phase of more than a decade. The fluctuation ranges of minimum temperature were smaller, whereas the linear increases were higher than those for the mean temperature. (3) The diurnal temperature ranges (DTRs) of the two cities decreased; a certain phase of the decreases in DTR in the two cities was caused by decreases in the maximum temperature. (4) At a certain stage of urban development, owing to the shading effect of new high-rise buildings, the solar shortwave radiation reaching the Earth’s surface decreased, and anthropogenic heat generated by the energy consumption of buildings and urban human activities at that time was not sufficient to make up for the reduced shortwave radiation. This result may have led to the declines in the maximum temperature experienced by both cities. (5) Currently, the number of hot days and extremely hot days in the two cities has increased significantly compared with that a century ago, indicating that climate warming has an adverse impact on human settlements. MDPI 2022-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9180144/ /pubmed/35682078 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116494 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Yang, Yawei Li, Lei Chan, Pak-Wai Zhou, Qianjin Sheng, Bosi Intercomparison of Local Warming Trends of Shanghai and Hong Kong Based on 120-Year Temperature Observational Data |
title | Intercomparison of Local Warming Trends of Shanghai and Hong Kong Based on 120-Year Temperature Observational Data |
title_full | Intercomparison of Local Warming Trends of Shanghai and Hong Kong Based on 120-Year Temperature Observational Data |
title_fullStr | Intercomparison of Local Warming Trends of Shanghai and Hong Kong Based on 120-Year Temperature Observational Data |
title_full_unstemmed | Intercomparison of Local Warming Trends of Shanghai and Hong Kong Based on 120-Year Temperature Observational Data |
title_short | Intercomparison of Local Warming Trends of Shanghai and Hong Kong Based on 120-Year Temperature Observational Data |
title_sort | intercomparison of local warming trends of shanghai and hong kong based on 120-year temperature observational data |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9180144/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35682078 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116494 |
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