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Antifungal Activity of the Frog Skin Peptide Temporin G and Its Effect on Candida albicans Virulence Factors
The increasing resistance to conventional antifungal drugs is a widespread concern, and a search for new compounds, active against different species of fungi, is demanded. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) hold promises in this context. Here we investigated the activity of the frog skin AMP Temporin G (...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9181532/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35683025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116345 |
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author | D’Auria, Felicia Diodata Casciaro, Bruno De Angelis, Marta Marcocci, Maria Elena Palamara, Anna Teresa Nencioni, Lucia Mangoni, Maria Luisa |
author_facet | D’Auria, Felicia Diodata Casciaro, Bruno De Angelis, Marta Marcocci, Maria Elena Palamara, Anna Teresa Nencioni, Lucia Mangoni, Maria Luisa |
author_sort | D’Auria, Felicia Diodata |
collection | PubMed |
description | The increasing resistance to conventional antifungal drugs is a widespread concern, and a search for new compounds, active against different species of fungi, is demanded. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) hold promises in this context. Here we investigated the activity of the frog skin AMP Temporin G (TG) against a panel of fungal strains, by following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocols. TG resulted to be active against (i) Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans, with MIC(50) between 4 µM and 64 µM after 24 h of incubation; (ii) dermatophytes with MIC(80) ranging from 4 to 32 µM, and (iii) Aspergillus strains with MIC(80) of 128 µM. In addition, our tests revealed that TG reduced the metabolic activity of Candida albicans cells, with moderate membrane perturbation, as proven by XTT and Sytox Green assays, respectively. Furthermore, TG was found to be effective against some C. albicans virulence factors; indeed, at 64 µM it was able to inhibit ~90% of yeast–mycelial switching, strongly prevented biofilm formation, and led to a 50% reduction of metabolic activity in mature biofilm cells, and ~30–35% eradication of mature biofilm biomass. Even though further studies are needed to deepen our knowledge of the mechanisms of TG antifungal activity, our results suggest this AMP as an attractive lead compound for treatment of fungal diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9181532 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91815322022-06-10 Antifungal Activity of the Frog Skin Peptide Temporin G and Its Effect on Candida albicans Virulence Factors D’Auria, Felicia Diodata Casciaro, Bruno De Angelis, Marta Marcocci, Maria Elena Palamara, Anna Teresa Nencioni, Lucia Mangoni, Maria Luisa Int J Mol Sci Article The increasing resistance to conventional antifungal drugs is a widespread concern, and a search for new compounds, active against different species of fungi, is demanded. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) hold promises in this context. Here we investigated the activity of the frog skin AMP Temporin G (TG) against a panel of fungal strains, by following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocols. TG resulted to be active against (i) Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans, with MIC(50) between 4 µM and 64 µM after 24 h of incubation; (ii) dermatophytes with MIC(80) ranging from 4 to 32 µM, and (iii) Aspergillus strains with MIC(80) of 128 µM. In addition, our tests revealed that TG reduced the metabolic activity of Candida albicans cells, with moderate membrane perturbation, as proven by XTT and Sytox Green assays, respectively. Furthermore, TG was found to be effective against some C. albicans virulence factors; indeed, at 64 µM it was able to inhibit ~90% of yeast–mycelial switching, strongly prevented biofilm formation, and led to a 50% reduction of metabolic activity in mature biofilm cells, and ~30–35% eradication of mature biofilm biomass. Even though further studies are needed to deepen our knowledge of the mechanisms of TG antifungal activity, our results suggest this AMP as an attractive lead compound for treatment of fungal diseases. MDPI 2022-06-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9181532/ /pubmed/35683025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116345 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article D’Auria, Felicia Diodata Casciaro, Bruno De Angelis, Marta Marcocci, Maria Elena Palamara, Anna Teresa Nencioni, Lucia Mangoni, Maria Luisa Antifungal Activity of the Frog Skin Peptide Temporin G and Its Effect on Candida albicans Virulence Factors |
title | Antifungal Activity of the Frog Skin Peptide Temporin G and Its Effect on Candida albicans Virulence Factors |
title_full | Antifungal Activity of the Frog Skin Peptide Temporin G and Its Effect on Candida albicans Virulence Factors |
title_fullStr | Antifungal Activity of the Frog Skin Peptide Temporin G and Its Effect on Candida albicans Virulence Factors |
title_full_unstemmed | Antifungal Activity of the Frog Skin Peptide Temporin G and Its Effect on Candida albicans Virulence Factors |
title_short | Antifungal Activity of the Frog Skin Peptide Temporin G and Its Effect on Candida albicans Virulence Factors |
title_sort | antifungal activity of the frog skin peptide temporin g and its effect on candida albicans virulence factors |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9181532/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35683025 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116345 |
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