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Artificial Weathering of Contact-Charred Wood—The Effect of Modification Duration, Wood Species and Material Density
A relevant issue with charred exteriors is the inconsistency of the result, which makes service life predictions complicated. Contact charring enables the creation of a very evenly modified surface with accurate control of temperature and modification time, but the weathering properties are question...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9182028/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35683251 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15113951 |
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author | Kymäläinen, Maija Sjökvist, Tinh Dömény, Jakub Rautkari, Lauri |
author_facet | Kymäläinen, Maija Sjökvist, Tinh Dömény, Jakub Rautkari, Lauri |
author_sort | Kymäläinen, Maija |
collection | PubMed |
description | A relevant issue with charred exteriors is the inconsistency of the result, which makes service life predictions complicated. Contact charring enables the creation of a very evenly modified surface with accurate control of temperature and modification time, but the weathering properties are questionable. This paper evaluated the effect of the modification time relative to char layer and transition zone thickness, wood species and material density in an artificial weathering test. The results revealed higher color stability in connection to longer modification time, but also an increase in the cracked surface area. Cracking was heavily dependent on the modification regime and increased with increasing char and transition zone thicknesses. Dense spruce had the highest color stability with the most severe modification regime, but char layer thickness varied more than on other wood types. Furthermore, species-dependent cracking patterns affected the final result as the small-scale flaking experienced by birch increased the washing off of char. It is likely an even higher modification temperature with a shorter modification time is needed to produce sufficient weathering resistance suitable for exterior uses. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9182028 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91820282022-06-10 Artificial Weathering of Contact-Charred Wood—The Effect of Modification Duration, Wood Species and Material Density Kymäläinen, Maija Sjökvist, Tinh Dömény, Jakub Rautkari, Lauri Materials (Basel) Article A relevant issue with charred exteriors is the inconsistency of the result, which makes service life predictions complicated. Contact charring enables the creation of a very evenly modified surface with accurate control of temperature and modification time, but the weathering properties are questionable. This paper evaluated the effect of the modification time relative to char layer and transition zone thickness, wood species and material density in an artificial weathering test. The results revealed higher color stability in connection to longer modification time, but also an increase in the cracked surface area. Cracking was heavily dependent on the modification regime and increased with increasing char and transition zone thicknesses. Dense spruce had the highest color stability with the most severe modification regime, but char layer thickness varied more than on other wood types. Furthermore, species-dependent cracking patterns affected the final result as the small-scale flaking experienced by birch increased the washing off of char. It is likely an even higher modification temperature with a shorter modification time is needed to produce sufficient weathering resistance suitable for exterior uses. MDPI 2022-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9182028/ /pubmed/35683251 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15113951 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kymäläinen, Maija Sjökvist, Tinh Dömény, Jakub Rautkari, Lauri Artificial Weathering of Contact-Charred Wood—The Effect of Modification Duration, Wood Species and Material Density |
title | Artificial Weathering of Contact-Charred Wood—The Effect of Modification Duration, Wood Species and Material Density |
title_full | Artificial Weathering of Contact-Charred Wood—The Effect of Modification Duration, Wood Species and Material Density |
title_fullStr | Artificial Weathering of Contact-Charred Wood—The Effect of Modification Duration, Wood Species and Material Density |
title_full_unstemmed | Artificial Weathering of Contact-Charred Wood—The Effect of Modification Duration, Wood Species and Material Density |
title_short | Artificial Weathering of Contact-Charred Wood—The Effect of Modification Duration, Wood Species and Material Density |
title_sort | artificial weathering of contact-charred wood—the effect of modification duration, wood species and material density |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9182028/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35683251 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15113951 |
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