Study of Degradation Mechanisms of Strength and Thermal-Physical Properties of Nitride and Carbide Ceramics—Promising Materials for Nuclear Energy

The dependences of changes in the strength properties of nitride and carbide ceramics under high temperature irradiation with Kr(15+) and Xe(22+) heavy ions at irradiation doses of 10(12)–10(15) ions/cm(2) are presented in this work. The irradiation was chosen to simulate radiation damage processes that are closest to the real conditions of reactor tests in operating modes of increased temperatures. Polycrystalline ceramics based on AlN, Si(3)N(4) nitrides, and SiC carbides were chosen as objects of research, as they have great prospects for use as a basis for structural materials for high-temperature nuclear reactors, as well as materials for nuclear waste disposal. During these studies the effect of radiation damage caused by irradiation with different fluences on the change in mechanical strength and hardness were determined, and the mechanisms causing these changes depending on the type of irradiated materials were proposed. The novelty of this study is in the results obtained determining the stability of the strength and thermophysical parameters of nitride and carbide ceramics exposed to high-temperature irradiation, which made it possible to determine the main stages and mechanisms for changing these parameters depending on the accumulated radiation damage. The relevance of this study consists not only in obtaining new data on the properties of structural materials exposed to ionizing radiation, but also in the possibility of determining the mechanisms of radiation damage in ceramics.