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A cross sectional study to examine factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy and refusal in urban and rural settings in Tamil Nadu, India

The second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic left the Indian healthcare system overwhelmed. The severity of a third wave will depend on the success of the vaccination drive; however, even with a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine, hesitancy can be an obstacle to achieving high levels of coverage. Our s...

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Autores principales: Joshi, Ashish, Surapaneni, Krishna Mohan, Kaur, Mahima, Bhatt, Ashruti, Nash, Denis, El-Mohandes, Ayman
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9182563/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35679313
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269299
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author Joshi, Ashish
Surapaneni, Krishna Mohan
Kaur, Mahima
Bhatt, Ashruti
Nash, Denis
El-Mohandes, Ayman
author_facet Joshi, Ashish
Surapaneni, Krishna Mohan
Kaur, Mahima
Bhatt, Ashruti
Nash, Denis
El-Mohandes, Ayman
author_sort Joshi, Ashish
collection PubMed
description The second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic left the Indian healthcare system overwhelmed. The severity of a third wave will depend on the success of the vaccination drive; however, even with a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine, hesitancy can be an obstacle to achieving high levels of coverage. Our study aims to estimate the population’s acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in an Indian district. A pilot community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March-May 2021. The data was collected from eight primary health centres in Tamil Nadu. The eligible study participants were interviewed using a self-constructed questionnaire. A total of 3,130 individuals responded to the survey. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to assess the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and refusal. Results of our study showed that 46% percent (n = 1432) of the respondents would accept the COVID-19 vaccine if available. Acceptance for the COVID-19 vaccine was higher among males (54%), individuals aged 18-24years (62%), those with higher education (77%), having the higher income (73%), and employed (51%). Individuals with no education (OR: 2.799, 95% CI = 1.103–7.108), and low income (OR: OR: 10.299, 95% CI: 4.879–21.741), were significant predictors of vaccine hesitancy (p < 0.05). Living in urban residence (OR: 0.699, 95% CI = 0.55–0.888) and age between 18 to 25 years (OR: 0.549, 95% CI = 0.309–0.977) were protective factor of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. While individuals in the age group 25-54years (OR = 1.601, 95%CI = 1.086–2.359), fewer education (OR = 4.8, 95% CI = 2.448–9.412,), low income (OR = 2.628, 95% CI = 1.777–3.887) and unemployment (OR = 1.351, 95% CI = 1.06–1.722) had high odds of refusing the COVID-19 vaccine. Concerns and suspicions about the safety of the COVID-19 vaccine (63%) was the major reasons causing hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccine The public health authorities and government need to design, develop and implement targeted interventions to enhance awareness about COVID-19 vaccines, and barriers and enablers to vaccine acceptance among individuals across diverse settings. Emphasis on involving local and religious leaders, ASHA workers, community healthcare workers, Anganwadi workers, and auxiliary nurse midwives can help to overcome context-specific barriers in areas of low COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, especially in rural settings.
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spelling pubmed-91825632022-06-10 A cross sectional study to examine factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy and refusal in urban and rural settings in Tamil Nadu, India Joshi, Ashish Surapaneni, Krishna Mohan Kaur, Mahima Bhatt, Ashruti Nash, Denis El-Mohandes, Ayman PLoS One Research Article The second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic left the Indian healthcare system overwhelmed. The severity of a third wave will depend on the success of the vaccination drive; however, even with a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine, hesitancy can be an obstacle to achieving high levels of coverage. Our study aims to estimate the population’s acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in an Indian district. A pilot community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March-May 2021. The data was collected from eight primary health centres in Tamil Nadu. The eligible study participants were interviewed using a self-constructed questionnaire. A total of 3,130 individuals responded to the survey. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to assess the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and refusal. Results of our study showed that 46% percent (n = 1432) of the respondents would accept the COVID-19 vaccine if available. Acceptance for the COVID-19 vaccine was higher among males (54%), individuals aged 18-24years (62%), those with higher education (77%), having the higher income (73%), and employed (51%). Individuals with no education (OR: 2.799, 95% CI = 1.103–7.108), and low income (OR: OR: 10.299, 95% CI: 4.879–21.741), were significant predictors of vaccine hesitancy (p < 0.05). Living in urban residence (OR: 0.699, 95% CI = 0.55–0.888) and age between 18 to 25 years (OR: 0.549, 95% CI = 0.309–0.977) were protective factor of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. While individuals in the age group 25-54years (OR = 1.601, 95%CI = 1.086–2.359), fewer education (OR = 4.8, 95% CI = 2.448–9.412,), low income (OR = 2.628, 95% CI = 1.777–3.887) and unemployment (OR = 1.351, 95% CI = 1.06–1.722) had high odds of refusing the COVID-19 vaccine. Concerns and suspicions about the safety of the COVID-19 vaccine (63%) was the major reasons causing hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccine The public health authorities and government need to design, develop and implement targeted interventions to enhance awareness about COVID-19 vaccines, and barriers and enablers to vaccine acceptance among individuals across diverse settings. Emphasis on involving local and religious leaders, ASHA workers, community healthcare workers, Anganwadi workers, and auxiliary nurse midwives can help to overcome context-specific barriers in areas of low COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, especially in rural settings. Public Library of Science 2022-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9182563/ /pubmed/35679313 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269299 Text en © 2022 Joshi et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Joshi, Ashish
Surapaneni, Krishna Mohan
Kaur, Mahima
Bhatt, Ashruti
Nash, Denis
El-Mohandes, Ayman
A cross sectional study to examine factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy and refusal in urban and rural settings in Tamil Nadu, India
title A cross sectional study to examine factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy and refusal in urban and rural settings in Tamil Nadu, India
title_full A cross sectional study to examine factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy and refusal in urban and rural settings in Tamil Nadu, India
title_fullStr A cross sectional study to examine factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy and refusal in urban and rural settings in Tamil Nadu, India
title_full_unstemmed A cross sectional study to examine factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy and refusal in urban and rural settings in Tamil Nadu, India
title_short A cross sectional study to examine factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy and refusal in urban and rural settings in Tamil Nadu, India
title_sort cross sectional study to examine factors influencing covid-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy and refusal in urban and rural settings in tamil nadu, india
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9182563/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35679313
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269299
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