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Association of food security with cardiometabolic health during young adulthood: cross-sectional comparison of American Indian adults with other racial/ethnic groups

OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to assess the cross-sectional associations between food insecurity and cardiometabolic health indicators in American Indian young adults compared with non-Hispanic white, black, Asian or Pacific Islander and Hispanic young adults. DESIGN: Data from the fourth wave of the Nati...

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Autores principales: Nikolaus, Cassandra J, Zamora-Kapoor, Anna, Hebert, Luciana E, Sinclair, Ka'imi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9185394/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35680257
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054162
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author Nikolaus, Cassandra J
Zamora-Kapoor, Anna
Hebert, Luciana E
Sinclair, Ka'imi
author_facet Nikolaus, Cassandra J
Zamora-Kapoor, Anna
Hebert, Luciana E
Sinclair, Ka'imi
author_sort Nikolaus, Cassandra J
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to assess the cross-sectional associations between food insecurity and cardiometabolic health indicators in American Indian young adults compared with non-Hispanic white, black, Asian or Pacific Islander and Hispanic young adults. DESIGN: Data from the fourth wave of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) were used. Variables included a self-assessed measure of risk of food insecurity, indicators of cardiometabolic health (body mass index, haemoglobin A1c, blood pressure) and sociodemographic characteristics. Multivariable regression models were used to assess the association of risk of food insecurity with cardiometabolic health, while controlling for sociodemographic variables. All analyses were weighted and accounted for the complex survey design. PARTICIPANTS: The analytical sample of n=12 799 included mostly non-Hispanic white respondents (n=7900), followed by n=2666 black, n=442 American Indian, n=848 Asian or Pacific Islander and n=943 Hispanic. RESULTS: Risk of food insecurity was more common among respondents who were female, Black, American Indian, had lower educational attainment, and were classified as having obesity or diabetes. In unadjusted models, risk of food insecurity was significantly associated with greater odds of obesity (OR=1.39; 95% CI 1.20 to 1.60) and diabetes (OR=1.61; 95% CI 1.23 to 2.11). After adjusting for sociodemographic factors (age, sex, education, income, household size, tobacco smoking, alcohol intake and race/ethnicity), only the association between risk of food insecurity and obesity remained (OR=1.19; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.38). Relationships among risk of food insecurity, sociodemographic characteristics and diabetes varied across models stratified by race and ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that elevated risk of food insecurity is present in young American Indian adults, but its relationship with cardiometabolic health is unclear. Future work should capitalise on longitudinal data and the US Department of Agriculture’s Food Security Survey Modules.
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spelling pubmed-91853942022-06-16 Association of food security with cardiometabolic health during young adulthood: cross-sectional comparison of American Indian adults with other racial/ethnic groups Nikolaus, Cassandra J Zamora-Kapoor, Anna Hebert, Luciana E Sinclair, Ka'imi BMJ Open Public Health OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to assess the cross-sectional associations between food insecurity and cardiometabolic health indicators in American Indian young adults compared with non-Hispanic white, black, Asian or Pacific Islander and Hispanic young adults. DESIGN: Data from the fourth wave of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) were used. Variables included a self-assessed measure of risk of food insecurity, indicators of cardiometabolic health (body mass index, haemoglobin A1c, blood pressure) and sociodemographic characteristics. Multivariable regression models were used to assess the association of risk of food insecurity with cardiometabolic health, while controlling for sociodemographic variables. All analyses were weighted and accounted for the complex survey design. PARTICIPANTS: The analytical sample of n=12 799 included mostly non-Hispanic white respondents (n=7900), followed by n=2666 black, n=442 American Indian, n=848 Asian or Pacific Islander and n=943 Hispanic. RESULTS: Risk of food insecurity was more common among respondents who were female, Black, American Indian, had lower educational attainment, and were classified as having obesity or diabetes. In unadjusted models, risk of food insecurity was significantly associated with greater odds of obesity (OR=1.39; 95% CI 1.20 to 1.60) and diabetes (OR=1.61; 95% CI 1.23 to 2.11). After adjusting for sociodemographic factors (age, sex, education, income, household size, tobacco smoking, alcohol intake and race/ethnicity), only the association between risk of food insecurity and obesity remained (OR=1.19; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.38). Relationships among risk of food insecurity, sociodemographic characteristics and diabetes varied across models stratified by race and ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that elevated risk of food insecurity is present in young American Indian adults, but its relationship with cardiometabolic health is unclear. Future work should capitalise on longitudinal data and the US Department of Agriculture’s Food Security Survey Modules. BMJ Publishing Group 2022-06-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9185394/ /pubmed/35680257 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054162 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Public Health
Nikolaus, Cassandra J
Zamora-Kapoor, Anna
Hebert, Luciana E
Sinclair, Ka'imi
Association of food security with cardiometabolic health during young adulthood: cross-sectional comparison of American Indian adults with other racial/ethnic groups
title Association of food security with cardiometabolic health during young adulthood: cross-sectional comparison of American Indian adults with other racial/ethnic groups
title_full Association of food security with cardiometabolic health during young adulthood: cross-sectional comparison of American Indian adults with other racial/ethnic groups
title_fullStr Association of food security with cardiometabolic health during young adulthood: cross-sectional comparison of American Indian adults with other racial/ethnic groups
title_full_unstemmed Association of food security with cardiometabolic health during young adulthood: cross-sectional comparison of American Indian adults with other racial/ethnic groups
title_short Association of food security with cardiometabolic health during young adulthood: cross-sectional comparison of American Indian adults with other racial/ethnic groups
title_sort association of food security with cardiometabolic health during young adulthood: cross-sectional comparison of american indian adults with other racial/ethnic groups
topic Public Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9185394/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35680257
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054162
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