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Stool microRNA profiles reflect different dietary and gut microbiome patterns in healthy individuals

OBJECTIVES: MicroRNA (miRNA) profiles have been evaluated in several biospecimens in relation to common diseases for which diet may have a considerable impact. We aimed at characterising how specific diets are associated with the miRNome in stool of vegans, vegetarians and omnivores and how this is...

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Autores principales: Tarallo, Sonia, Ferrero, Giulio, De Filippis, Francesca, Francavilla, Antonio, Pasolli, Edoardo, Panero, Valentina, Cordero, Francesca, Segata, Nicola, Grioni, Sara, Pensa, Ruggero Gaetano, Pardini, Barbara, Ercolini, Danilo, Naccarati, Alessio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9185830/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34315772
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2021-325168
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author Tarallo, Sonia
Ferrero, Giulio
De Filippis, Francesca
Francavilla, Antonio
Pasolli, Edoardo
Panero, Valentina
Cordero, Francesca
Segata, Nicola
Grioni, Sara
Pensa, Ruggero Gaetano
Pardini, Barbara
Ercolini, Danilo
Naccarati, Alessio
author_facet Tarallo, Sonia
Ferrero, Giulio
De Filippis, Francesca
Francavilla, Antonio
Pasolli, Edoardo
Panero, Valentina
Cordero, Francesca
Segata, Nicola
Grioni, Sara
Pensa, Ruggero Gaetano
Pardini, Barbara
Ercolini, Danilo
Naccarati, Alessio
author_sort Tarallo, Sonia
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: MicroRNA (miRNA) profiles have been evaluated in several biospecimens in relation to common diseases for which diet may have a considerable impact. We aimed at characterising how specific diets are associated with the miRNome in stool of vegans, vegetarians and omnivores and how this is reflected in the gut microbial composition, as this is still poorly explored. DESIGN: We performed small RNA and shotgun metagenomic sequencing in faecal samples and dietary recording from 120 healthy volunteers, equally distributed for the different diets and matched for sex and age. RESULTS: We found 49 miRNAs differentially expressed among vegans, vegetarians and omnivores (adj. p <0.05) and confirmed trends of expression levels of such miRNAs in vegans and vegetarians compared with an independent cohort of 45 omnivores. Two miRNAs related to lipid metabolism, miR-636 and miR-4739, were inversely correlated to the non-omnivorous diet duration, independently of subject age. Seventeen miRNAs correlated (|rho|>0.22, adj. p <0.05) with the estimated intake of nutrients, particularly animal proteins, phosphorus and, interestingly, lipids. In omnivores, higher Prevotella and Roseburia and lower Bacteroides abundances than in vegans and vegetarians were observed. Lipid metabolism-related miR-425-3p and miR-638 expression levels were associated with increased abundances of microbial species, such as Roseburia sp. CAG 182 and Akkermansia muciniphila, specific of different diets. An integrated analysis identified 25 miRNAs, 25 taxa and 7 dietary nutrients that clearly discriminated (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.89) the three diets. CONCLUSION: Stool miRNA profiles are associated with specific diets and support the role of lipids as a driver of epigenetic changes and host-microbial molecular interactions in the gut.
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spelling pubmed-91858302022-06-16 Stool microRNA profiles reflect different dietary and gut microbiome patterns in healthy individuals Tarallo, Sonia Ferrero, Giulio De Filippis, Francesca Francavilla, Antonio Pasolli, Edoardo Panero, Valentina Cordero, Francesca Segata, Nicola Grioni, Sara Pensa, Ruggero Gaetano Pardini, Barbara Ercolini, Danilo Naccarati, Alessio Gut Gut Microbiota OBJECTIVES: MicroRNA (miRNA) profiles have been evaluated in several biospecimens in relation to common diseases for which diet may have a considerable impact. We aimed at characterising how specific diets are associated with the miRNome in stool of vegans, vegetarians and omnivores and how this is reflected in the gut microbial composition, as this is still poorly explored. DESIGN: We performed small RNA and shotgun metagenomic sequencing in faecal samples and dietary recording from 120 healthy volunteers, equally distributed for the different diets and matched for sex and age. RESULTS: We found 49 miRNAs differentially expressed among vegans, vegetarians and omnivores (adj. p <0.05) and confirmed trends of expression levels of such miRNAs in vegans and vegetarians compared with an independent cohort of 45 omnivores. Two miRNAs related to lipid metabolism, miR-636 and miR-4739, were inversely correlated to the non-omnivorous diet duration, independently of subject age. Seventeen miRNAs correlated (|rho|>0.22, adj. p <0.05) with the estimated intake of nutrients, particularly animal proteins, phosphorus and, interestingly, lipids. In omnivores, higher Prevotella and Roseburia and lower Bacteroides abundances than in vegans and vegetarians were observed. Lipid metabolism-related miR-425-3p and miR-638 expression levels were associated with increased abundances of microbial species, such as Roseburia sp. CAG 182 and Akkermansia muciniphila, specific of different diets. An integrated analysis identified 25 miRNAs, 25 taxa and 7 dietary nutrients that clearly discriminated (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.89) the three diets. CONCLUSION: Stool miRNA profiles are associated with specific diets and support the role of lipids as a driver of epigenetic changes and host-microbial molecular interactions in the gut. BMJ Publishing Group 2022-07 2021-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9185830/ /pubmed/34315772 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2021-325168 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Gut Microbiota
Tarallo, Sonia
Ferrero, Giulio
De Filippis, Francesca
Francavilla, Antonio
Pasolli, Edoardo
Panero, Valentina
Cordero, Francesca
Segata, Nicola
Grioni, Sara
Pensa, Ruggero Gaetano
Pardini, Barbara
Ercolini, Danilo
Naccarati, Alessio
Stool microRNA profiles reflect different dietary and gut microbiome patterns in healthy individuals
title Stool microRNA profiles reflect different dietary and gut microbiome patterns in healthy individuals
title_full Stool microRNA profiles reflect different dietary and gut microbiome patterns in healthy individuals
title_fullStr Stool microRNA profiles reflect different dietary and gut microbiome patterns in healthy individuals
title_full_unstemmed Stool microRNA profiles reflect different dietary and gut microbiome patterns in healthy individuals
title_short Stool microRNA profiles reflect different dietary and gut microbiome patterns in healthy individuals
title_sort stool microrna profiles reflect different dietary and gut microbiome patterns in healthy individuals
topic Gut Microbiota
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9185830/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34315772
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2021-325168
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