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Curcumin Blocks High Glucose-Induced Podocyte Injury via RIPK3-Dependent Pathway

Podocyte loss is well known to play a critical role in the early progression of diabetic nephropathy. A growing number of studies are paying attention to necroptosis, a programmed form of cell necrosis as a mechanism of podocyte loss. Although necroptosis is a recently established concept, the signi...

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Autores principales: Chung, Hyunsoo, Lee, Seong-Woo, Hyun, Miri, Kim, So Young, Cho, Hyeon Gyu, Lee, Eun Soo, Kang, Jeong Suk, Chung, Choon Hee, Lee, Eun Young
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9189280/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35706905
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.800574
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author Chung, Hyunsoo
Lee, Seong-Woo
Hyun, Miri
Kim, So Young
Cho, Hyeon Gyu
Lee, Eun Soo
Kang, Jeong Suk
Chung, Choon Hee
Lee, Eun Young
author_facet Chung, Hyunsoo
Lee, Seong-Woo
Hyun, Miri
Kim, So Young
Cho, Hyeon Gyu
Lee, Eun Soo
Kang, Jeong Suk
Chung, Choon Hee
Lee, Eun Young
author_sort Chung, Hyunsoo
collection PubMed
description Podocyte loss is well known to play a critical role in the early progression of diabetic nephropathy. A growing number of studies are paying attention to necroptosis, a programmed form of cell necrosis as a mechanism of podocyte loss. Although necroptosis is a recently established concept, the significance of receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 3 (RIPK3), a gene that encodes for the homonymous enzyme RIPK3 responsible for the progression of necroptosis, is well studied. Curcumin, a natural hydrophobic polyphenol compound responsible for the yellow color of Curcuma longa, has drawn attention due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on cells prone to necroptosis. Nonetheless, effects of curcumin on high glucose-induced podocyte necroptosis have not been reported yet. Therefore, this study investigated RIPK3 expression in high glucose-treated podocytes to identify the involvement of necroptosis via the RIPK3 pathway and the effects of curcumin treatment on RIPK3-dependent podocytopathy in a hyperglycemic environment. The study discovered that increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) in renal podocytes induced by high glucose was improved after curcumin treatment. Curcumin treatment also significantly restored the upregulated levels of VEGF, TGF-β, and CCL2 mRNAs and the downregulated level of nephrin mRNA in cultured podocytes exposed to a high glucose environment. High glucose-induced changes in protein expression of TGF-β, nephrin, and CCL2 were considerably reverted to their original levels after curcumin treatment. Increased expression of RIPK3 in high glucose-stimulated podocytes was alleviated by curcumin treatment as well as N-acetyl cysteine (NAC, an antioxidant) or GSK′872 (a RIPK3 inhibitor). Consistent with this, the increased necroptosis-associated molecules, such as RIPK3, pRIPK3, and pMLKL, were also restored by curcumin in high glucose-treated mesangial cells. DCF-DA assay confirmed that such a result was attributed to the reduction of RIPK3 through the antioxidant effect of curcumin. Further observations of DCF-DA-sensitive intracellular ROS in NAC-treated and GSK′872-treated podocyte groups showed a reciprocal regulatory relationship between ROS and RIPK3. The treatment of curcumin and GSK′872 in podocytes incubated with high glucose protected from excessive intracellular superoxide anion production. Taken together, these results indicate that curcumin treatment can protect against high glucose-induced podocyte injuries by suppressing the abnormal expression of ROS and RIPK3. Thus, curcumin might be a potential therapeutic agent for diabetic nephropathy as an inhibitor of RIPK3.
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spelling pubmed-91892802022-06-14 Curcumin Blocks High Glucose-Induced Podocyte Injury via RIPK3-Dependent Pathway Chung, Hyunsoo Lee, Seong-Woo Hyun, Miri Kim, So Young Cho, Hyeon Gyu Lee, Eun Soo Kang, Jeong Suk Chung, Choon Hee Lee, Eun Young Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology Podocyte loss is well known to play a critical role in the early progression of diabetic nephropathy. A growing number of studies are paying attention to necroptosis, a programmed form of cell necrosis as a mechanism of podocyte loss. Although necroptosis is a recently established concept, the significance of receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 3 (RIPK3), a gene that encodes for the homonymous enzyme RIPK3 responsible for the progression of necroptosis, is well studied. Curcumin, a natural hydrophobic polyphenol compound responsible for the yellow color of Curcuma longa, has drawn attention due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on cells prone to necroptosis. Nonetheless, effects of curcumin on high glucose-induced podocyte necroptosis have not been reported yet. Therefore, this study investigated RIPK3 expression in high glucose-treated podocytes to identify the involvement of necroptosis via the RIPK3 pathway and the effects of curcumin treatment on RIPK3-dependent podocytopathy in a hyperglycemic environment. The study discovered that increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) in renal podocytes induced by high glucose was improved after curcumin treatment. Curcumin treatment also significantly restored the upregulated levels of VEGF, TGF-β, and CCL2 mRNAs and the downregulated level of nephrin mRNA in cultured podocytes exposed to a high glucose environment. High glucose-induced changes in protein expression of TGF-β, nephrin, and CCL2 were considerably reverted to their original levels after curcumin treatment. Increased expression of RIPK3 in high glucose-stimulated podocytes was alleviated by curcumin treatment as well as N-acetyl cysteine (NAC, an antioxidant) or GSK′872 (a RIPK3 inhibitor). Consistent with this, the increased necroptosis-associated molecules, such as RIPK3, pRIPK3, and pMLKL, were also restored by curcumin in high glucose-treated mesangial cells. DCF-DA assay confirmed that such a result was attributed to the reduction of RIPK3 through the antioxidant effect of curcumin. Further observations of DCF-DA-sensitive intracellular ROS in NAC-treated and GSK′872-treated podocyte groups showed a reciprocal regulatory relationship between ROS and RIPK3. The treatment of curcumin and GSK′872 in podocytes incubated with high glucose protected from excessive intracellular superoxide anion production. Taken together, these results indicate that curcumin treatment can protect against high glucose-induced podocyte injuries by suppressing the abnormal expression of ROS and RIPK3. Thus, curcumin might be a potential therapeutic agent for diabetic nephropathy as an inhibitor of RIPK3. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9189280/ /pubmed/35706905 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.800574 Text en Copyright © 2022 Chung, Lee, Hyun, Kim, Cho, Lee, Kang, Chung and Lee. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Chung, Hyunsoo
Lee, Seong-Woo
Hyun, Miri
Kim, So Young
Cho, Hyeon Gyu
Lee, Eun Soo
Kang, Jeong Suk
Chung, Choon Hee
Lee, Eun Young
Curcumin Blocks High Glucose-Induced Podocyte Injury via RIPK3-Dependent Pathway
title Curcumin Blocks High Glucose-Induced Podocyte Injury via RIPK3-Dependent Pathway
title_full Curcumin Blocks High Glucose-Induced Podocyte Injury via RIPK3-Dependent Pathway
title_fullStr Curcumin Blocks High Glucose-Induced Podocyte Injury via RIPK3-Dependent Pathway
title_full_unstemmed Curcumin Blocks High Glucose-Induced Podocyte Injury via RIPK3-Dependent Pathway
title_short Curcumin Blocks High Glucose-Induced Podocyte Injury via RIPK3-Dependent Pathway
title_sort curcumin blocks high glucose-induced podocyte injury via ripk3-dependent pathway
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9189280/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35706905
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.800574
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