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Low Glycaemic Meals Results in Greater Blood Glucose Spike in People With Diabetes Type 2 Following a Late Eating Pattern

OBJECTIVES: The implications of the circadian system on nutrition to improve glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetes is crucial. The study examines the relationship between validated and reliable six behavioral indicators of chrononutrition on glucose homeostasis of people with diabetes (PWDs). METHO...

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Autores principales: Rathod, Neelam, Chandorkar, Suneeta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9193313/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac055.008
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author Rathod, Neelam
Chandorkar, Suneeta
author_facet Rathod, Neelam
Chandorkar, Suneeta
author_sort Rathod, Neelam
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: The implications of the circadian system on nutrition to improve glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetes is crucial. The study examines the relationship between validated and reliable six behavioral indicators of chrononutrition on glucose homeostasis of people with diabetes (PWDs). METHODS: A sample size of 227(age: 35–60 years, years of diabetes: <5, no comorbidities) was calculated considering the prevalence of diabetes in the district. A total of 4086 meals of 681 days of 227 PWDs reported in dietary records were studied. Chrononutrition questionnaire assessed eating window, breakfast skipping, evening latency, evening eating, night eating, and largest meal of PWDs. Scoring ranged from 0 to 12 with 0 indicating good chrononutrition status and 12 indicating poor chrononutrition status. Chronotype, physical activity, stress, and sleep quality were assessed using the Horne and Ostberg morningness-eveningness questionnaire, GPAQ, perceived stress scale by Sheldon Cohen and PSQI, respectively. Body composition was assessed by BIA. Glycemic control was assessed using the gold standard method- HbA1c, FBS and PP2BS. LDL and TG/HDL were assessed. Chi-square, spearman's correlation, AUC, linear regression, and multinomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: PWDs who consumed low GI breakfast contributing 20% of total daily energy intake before 10 am rather than between 10 am-12 pm (p < 0.05) and within one hour of waking up (p < 0.05), correlated positively and were significantly associated with low adiposity, controlled FBS, PP2BS, HbA1c, and lipid profile. PWDs who had 3 times more complex carbohydrates in lunch compared to breakfast showed poor glycaemic control (p < 0.05). Total energy contribution from carbohydrates was higher between 7–10 pm than 7–10 am in PWDs with poor chrononutrition status (p < 0.05) which negatively affected the glucose homeostasis (p < 0.05). Multinomial logistic regression analysis after adjustments for age, sex, body mass index, sleep quality, and physical activity, showed that poorer the chrononutrition status, higher was the HbA1c (p = 0.001), and the AIP (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: PWDs who followed an early eating pattern along with consuming low GI meals had controlled blood glucose levels than those who consumed low GI meals but followed the later eating pattern. FUNDING SOURCES: No funding.
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spelling pubmed-91933132022-06-14 Low Glycaemic Meals Results in Greater Blood Glucose Spike in People With Diabetes Type 2 Following a Late Eating Pattern Rathod, Neelam Chandorkar, Suneeta Curr Dev Nutr Eating Frequency and Chrononutrition OBJECTIVES: The implications of the circadian system on nutrition to improve glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetes is crucial. The study examines the relationship between validated and reliable six behavioral indicators of chrononutrition on glucose homeostasis of people with diabetes (PWDs). METHODS: A sample size of 227(age: 35–60 years, years of diabetes: <5, no comorbidities) was calculated considering the prevalence of diabetes in the district. A total of 4086 meals of 681 days of 227 PWDs reported in dietary records were studied. Chrononutrition questionnaire assessed eating window, breakfast skipping, evening latency, evening eating, night eating, and largest meal of PWDs. Scoring ranged from 0 to 12 with 0 indicating good chrononutrition status and 12 indicating poor chrononutrition status. Chronotype, physical activity, stress, and sleep quality were assessed using the Horne and Ostberg morningness-eveningness questionnaire, GPAQ, perceived stress scale by Sheldon Cohen and PSQI, respectively. Body composition was assessed by BIA. Glycemic control was assessed using the gold standard method- HbA1c, FBS and PP2BS. LDL and TG/HDL were assessed. Chi-square, spearman's correlation, AUC, linear regression, and multinomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: PWDs who consumed low GI breakfast contributing 20% of total daily energy intake before 10 am rather than between 10 am-12 pm (p < 0.05) and within one hour of waking up (p < 0.05), correlated positively and were significantly associated with low adiposity, controlled FBS, PP2BS, HbA1c, and lipid profile. PWDs who had 3 times more complex carbohydrates in lunch compared to breakfast showed poor glycaemic control (p < 0.05). Total energy contribution from carbohydrates was higher between 7–10 pm than 7–10 am in PWDs with poor chrononutrition status (p < 0.05) which negatively affected the glucose homeostasis (p < 0.05). Multinomial logistic regression analysis after adjustments for age, sex, body mass index, sleep quality, and physical activity, showed that poorer the chrononutrition status, higher was the HbA1c (p = 0.001), and the AIP (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: PWDs who followed an early eating pattern along with consuming low GI meals had controlled blood glucose levels than those who consumed low GI meals but followed the later eating pattern. FUNDING SOURCES: No funding. Oxford University Press 2022-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9193313/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac055.008 Text en © The Author 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Eating Frequency and Chrononutrition
Rathod, Neelam
Chandorkar, Suneeta
Low Glycaemic Meals Results in Greater Blood Glucose Spike in People With Diabetes Type 2 Following a Late Eating Pattern
title Low Glycaemic Meals Results in Greater Blood Glucose Spike in People With Diabetes Type 2 Following a Late Eating Pattern
title_full Low Glycaemic Meals Results in Greater Blood Glucose Spike in People With Diabetes Type 2 Following a Late Eating Pattern
title_fullStr Low Glycaemic Meals Results in Greater Blood Glucose Spike in People With Diabetes Type 2 Following a Late Eating Pattern
title_full_unstemmed Low Glycaemic Meals Results in Greater Blood Glucose Spike in People With Diabetes Type 2 Following a Late Eating Pattern
title_short Low Glycaemic Meals Results in Greater Blood Glucose Spike in People With Diabetes Type 2 Following a Late Eating Pattern
title_sort low glycaemic meals results in greater blood glucose spike in people with diabetes type 2 following a late eating pattern
topic Eating Frequency and Chrononutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9193313/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac055.008
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