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Association between Total Dairy and Individual Dairy Foods and Iodine Status in the U.S. Population

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to determine the association between the consumption of dairy foods with urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and iodine deficiency risk in a nationally representative sample. METHODS: 24-hour dietary recall data and laboratory data for UIC (μg/L) from subje...

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Autores principales: Qin, Yue, Cifelli, Christopher, Agarwal, Sanjiv, Fugoni, Victor
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9193327/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac067.063
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author Qin, Yue
Cifelli, Christopher
Agarwal, Sanjiv
Fugoni, Victor
author_facet Qin, Yue
Cifelli, Christopher
Agarwal, Sanjiv
Fugoni, Victor
author_sort Qin, Yue
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to determine the association between the consumption of dairy foods with urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and iodine deficiency risk in a nationally representative sample. METHODS: 24-hour dietary recall data and laboratory data for UIC (μg/L) from subjects 2 + years old participating in National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2001–2018 were used (N = 26,838). Data were adjusted for demographic factors for analyses stratified by age/race-ethnicity. Significant associations between iodine status and dairy intake quintile (with non-consumers as the first group) were assessed at P < 0.05. Logistic regression was used to assess the odds ratio (95(th) percentile confidence intervals) of being below the iodine insufficient level (UIC < 100 μg/L) and the severely iodine deficient level (UIC < 20 μg/L) for dairy consumption groups with non-consumers as the reference group by age groups. RESULTS: Mean intakes of total dairy, milk, cheese and yogurt were 2.21, 1.58, 0.78 and 0.46 cup eq respectively for those 2–8 y; 2.17, 1.38, 1.11 and 0.48 cup eq respectively for those 9–18 y; and 1.70, 0.95, 1.09 and 0.57 cup eq respectively for those 19 + y. Intake of total dairy and milk were positively associated with UIC among those 2- 8 y (β = 27.8 ± 8.8 and 42.4 ± 8.4 μg/L/cup eq, respectively) and 9–18 y (β = 15.9 ± 2.7 and 30.4 ± 5.0 μg/L/cup eq, respectively) but not associated among those 19 + y. Intakes of cheese and yogurt were not associated with UIC among any age group. Total dairy intake was inversely associated with odds ratio [OR (95(th) confidence intervals)] of being iodine deficient or severely deficient among those 2–8 y [0.70 (0.61, 0.82) and 0.53 (0.28, 0.99), respectively], 9–18 y [0.79 (0.73, 0.85) and 0.70 (0.50, 0.98)], respectively], and 19 + y [0.80 (0.77, 0.83) and 0.74 (0.65, 0.84), respectively]. Milk intake was inversely associated with odds ratio of being iodine deficient or severely deficient among those 2–8 y [0.67 (0.59, 0.77) and 0.49 (0.31, 0.79), respectively], 9–18 y [0.76 (0.71, 0.82) and 0.68 (0.50, 0.91)], respectively], and 19 + y [0.84 (0.80, 0.87) and 0.77 (0.66, 0.89), respectively]. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that dairy foods are beneficially associated with UIC population iodine sufficiency. FUNDING SOURCES: National Dairy Council.
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spelling pubmed-91933272022-06-14 Association between Total Dairy and Individual Dairy Foods and Iodine Status in the U.S. Population Qin, Yue Cifelli, Christopher Agarwal, Sanjiv Fugoni, Victor Curr Dev Nutr Nutritional Epidemiology OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to determine the association between the consumption of dairy foods with urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and iodine deficiency risk in a nationally representative sample. METHODS: 24-hour dietary recall data and laboratory data for UIC (μg/L) from subjects 2 + years old participating in National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2001–2018 were used (N = 26,838). Data were adjusted for demographic factors for analyses stratified by age/race-ethnicity. Significant associations between iodine status and dairy intake quintile (with non-consumers as the first group) were assessed at P < 0.05. Logistic regression was used to assess the odds ratio (95(th) percentile confidence intervals) of being below the iodine insufficient level (UIC < 100 μg/L) and the severely iodine deficient level (UIC < 20 μg/L) for dairy consumption groups with non-consumers as the reference group by age groups. RESULTS: Mean intakes of total dairy, milk, cheese and yogurt were 2.21, 1.58, 0.78 and 0.46 cup eq respectively for those 2–8 y; 2.17, 1.38, 1.11 and 0.48 cup eq respectively for those 9–18 y; and 1.70, 0.95, 1.09 and 0.57 cup eq respectively for those 19 + y. Intake of total dairy and milk were positively associated with UIC among those 2- 8 y (β = 27.8 ± 8.8 and 42.4 ± 8.4 μg/L/cup eq, respectively) and 9–18 y (β = 15.9 ± 2.7 and 30.4 ± 5.0 μg/L/cup eq, respectively) but not associated among those 19 + y. Intakes of cheese and yogurt were not associated with UIC among any age group. Total dairy intake was inversely associated with odds ratio [OR (95(th) confidence intervals)] of being iodine deficient or severely deficient among those 2–8 y [0.70 (0.61, 0.82) and 0.53 (0.28, 0.99), respectively], 9–18 y [0.79 (0.73, 0.85) and 0.70 (0.50, 0.98)], respectively], and 19 + y [0.80 (0.77, 0.83) and 0.74 (0.65, 0.84), respectively]. Milk intake was inversely associated with odds ratio of being iodine deficient or severely deficient among those 2–8 y [0.67 (0.59, 0.77) and 0.49 (0.31, 0.79), respectively], 9–18 y [0.76 (0.71, 0.82) and 0.68 (0.50, 0.91)], respectively], and 19 + y [0.84 (0.80, 0.87) and 0.77 (0.66, 0.89), respectively]. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that dairy foods are beneficially associated with UIC population iodine sufficiency. FUNDING SOURCES: National Dairy Council. Oxford University Press 2022-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9193327/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac067.063 Text en © The Author 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Nutritional Epidemiology
Qin, Yue
Cifelli, Christopher
Agarwal, Sanjiv
Fugoni, Victor
Association between Total Dairy and Individual Dairy Foods and Iodine Status in the U.S. Population
title Association between Total Dairy and Individual Dairy Foods and Iodine Status in the U.S. Population
title_full Association between Total Dairy and Individual Dairy Foods and Iodine Status in the U.S. Population
title_fullStr Association between Total Dairy and Individual Dairy Foods and Iodine Status in the U.S. Population
title_full_unstemmed Association between Total Dairy and Individual Dairy Foods and Iodine Status in the U.S. Population
title_short Association between Total Dairy and Individual Dairy Foods and Iodine Status in the U.S. Population
title_sort association between total dairy and individual dairy foods and iodine status in the u.s. population
topic Nutritional Epidemiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9193327/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac067.063
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