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Evidence Map on the Relationship Between Dietary Sweetness Exposure and Body Weight-Related Outcomes in Adults

OBJECTIVES: An evidence map was conducted to characterize published research investigating dietary sweetness and body weight. The primary aim was to identify studies that investigate total dietary sweetness and body weight-related outcomes among healthy adults; the secondary aim was to map the evide...

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Autores principales: Higgins, Kelly, Rawal, Rita, Baer, David, O'Connor, Lauren, Appleton, Katherine
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9193332/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac054.022
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author Higgins, Kelly
Rawal, Rita
Baer, David
O'Connor, Lauren
Appleton, Katherine
author_facet Higgins, Kelly
Rawal, Rita
Baer, David
O'Connor, Lauren
Appleton, Katherine
author_sort Higgins, Kelly
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: An evidence map was conducted to characterize published research investigating dietary sweetness and body weight. The primary aim was to identify studies that investigate total dietary sweetness and body weight-related outcomes among healthy adults; the secondary aim was to map the evidence that investigates sugar, sweetener, or sweet food/beverage intake and body weight. METHODS: Using pre-registered search terms (https://osf.io/my7pb), 33,609 publications (duplicates removed) from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were screened for inclusion. Eligible studies were cross-sectional studies, longitudinal cohort studies, case control studies, clinical trials, and systematic reviews conducted among adults (≥18 years) which investigated the associations between total dietary sweetness, sugar, sweetener (energetic or nonenergetic), or sweet food/beverage intake on body weight, body mass index, adiposity, and energy intake. RESULTS: A total of 824 eligible publications were identified. Two clinical trials and 5 cross-sectional studies investigated the associations between total dietary sweetness and a body weight-related outcome. An additional 630 publications were identified that investigated sugar, sweetener, or sweet food/beverage intake and body weight-related outcomes, including 225 clinical trials, 87 longitudinal cohort studies, and 298 cross-sectional studies. Ninety publications reported on dietary patterns that included sweet foods/beverages alongside other dietary components. Most studies (91%) did not measure the sweetness of the diet or individual foods consumed. Additionally, 97 systematic reviews that addressed relevant but different research questions related to sweetness exposure and body weight-related outcomes were identified. CONCLUSIONS: While there is a breadth of evidence available from studies that investigate sugar, sweetener, and sweet food/beverage intake and body weight, there is limited evidence on the association between total dietary sweetness exposure and body weight. FUNDING SOURCES: USDA Agricultural Research Service, Institute for the Advancement of Food and Nutrition Sciences.
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spelling pubmed-91933322022-06-14 Evidence Map on the Relationship Between Dietary Sweetness Exposure and Body Weight-Related Outcomes in Adults Higgins, Kelly Rawal, Rita Baer, David O'Connor, Lauren Appleton, Katherine Curr Dev Nutr Dietary Patterns OBJECTIVES: An evidence map was conducted to characterize published research investigating dietary sweetness and body weight. The primary aim was to identify studies that investigate total dietary sweetness and body weight-related outcomes among healthy adults; the secondary aim was to map the evidence that investigates sugar, sweetener, or sweet food/beverage intake and body weight. METHODS: Using pre-registered search terms (https://osf.io/my7pb), 33,609 publications (duplicates removed) from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were screened for inclusion. Eligible studies were cross-sectional studies, longitudinal cohort studies, case control studies, clinical trials, and systematic reviews conducted among adults (≥18 years) which investigated the associations between total dietary sweetness, sugar, sweetener (energetic or nonenergetic), or sweet food/beverage intake on body weight, body mass index, adiposity, and energy intake. RESULTS: A total of 824 eligible publications were identified. Two clinical trials and 5 cross-sectional studies investigated the associations between total dietary sweetness and a body weight-related outcome. An additional 630 publications were identified that investigated sugar, sweetener, or sweet food/beverage intake and body weight-related outcomes, including 225 clinical trials, 87 longitudinal cohort studies, and 298 cross-sectional studies. Ninety publications reported on dietary patterns that included sweet foods/beverages alongside other dietary components. Most studies (91%) did not measure the sweetness of the diet or individual foods consumed. Additionally, 97 systematic reviews that addressed relevant but different research questions related to sweetness exposure and body weight-related outcomes were identified. CONCLUSIONS: While there is a breadth of evidence available from studies that investigate sugar, sweetener, and sweet food/beverage intake and body weight, there is limited evidence on the association between total dietary sweetness exposure and body weight. FUNDING SOURCES: USDA Agricultural Research Service, Institute for the Advancement of Food and Nutrition Sciences. Oxford University Press 2022-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9193332/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac054.022 Text en © The Author 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Dietary Patterns
Higgins, Kelly
Rawal, Rita
Baer, David
O'Connor, Lauren
Appleton, Katherine
Evidence Map on the Relationship Between Dietary Sweetness Exposure and Body Weight-Related Outcomes in Adults
title Evidence Map on the Relationship Between Dietary Sweetness Exposure and Body Weight-Related Outcomes in Adults
title_full Evidence Map on the Relationship Between Dietary Sweetness Exposure and Body Weight-Related Outcomes in Adults
title_fullStr Evidence Map on the Relationship Between Dietary Sweetness Exposure and Body Weight-Related Outcomes in Adults
title_full_unstemmed Evidence Map on the Relationship Between Dietary Sweetness Exposure and Body Weight-Related Outcomes in Adults
title_short Evidence Map on the Relationship Between Dietary Sweetness Exposure and Body Weight-Related Outcomes in Adults
title_sort evidence map on the relationship between dietary sweetness exposure and body weight-related outcomes in adults
topic Dietary Patterns
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9193332/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac054.022
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