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Plasma and Urine Metabolomic Response to an Ultra-Processed Dietary Pattern: A Biomarker Discovery Analysis in a Domiciled Randomized Controlled Crossover Feeding Trial
OBJECTIVES: To identify metabolomic markers that differed between dietary patterns (DP) that are either high in or void of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) according to NOVA. METHODS: A secondary analysis of a randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial in which 20 domiciled, healthy participants (m...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9193526/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac054.038 |
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author | O'Connor, Lauren Hall, Kevin Herrick, Kirsten Reedy, Jill Chung, Stephanie Stagliano, Michael Courville, Amber Sinha, Rashmi Loftfield, Erikka |
author_facet | O'Connor, Lauren Hall, Kevin Herrick, Kirsten Reedy, Jill Chung, Stephanie Stagliano, Michael Courville, Amber Sinha, Rashmi Loftfield, Erikka |
author_sort | O'Connor, Lauren |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: To identify metabolomic markers that differed between dietary patterns (DP) that are either high in or void of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) according to NOVA. METHODS: A secondary analysis of a randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial in which 20 domiciled, healthy participants (mean ± SD: 31 ± 7 years, BMI 22 ± 11.6, 50% female) consumed a UPF-DP (80% UPFs) and an unprocessed DP (UN-DP; 0% UPFs) for two weeks with no washout. DPs were matched for energy, macronutrients, total fiber, total sugar, and sodium; presented at 200% of energy requirements; and consumed ad libitum. Metabolite levels were measured in EDTA plasma at the end of each DP (wk 2) and in 24-hr and spot urine at wk 1 and 2, using untargeted liquid chromatography with high resolution/tandem mass spectrometry and annotated using Metabolon's reference library and authentic standards. Metabolites (n = 1000 plasma, n = 1272 24-hr urine, and n = 1281 spot urine) with <80% missing data and coefficients of variation <30% were assigned minimum detected values, scaled to median of 1, and log2-transformed. Linear mixed models in SAS identified metabolites that differed between UPF-DP and UN-DP adjusted for trial, DP sequence, timepoint, and body weight changes, with a subject-specific random intercept and Benjamini-Hochberg multiple comparison correction. RESULTS: For plasma, 183 metabolites differed between UPF-DP and UN-DP at wk 2. For 24-hr urine, 461 metabolites differed between UPF-DP and UN-DP at wk 1 and 2, 68 of which also differed at wk 1 and 2 for spot urine. Twenty metabolites consistently differed between UPF-DP and UN-DP at each timepoint and for each sample type. The sub pathways for these 20 metabolites included glutamate metabolism (n = 1 metabolite); ascorbate and aldarate metabolism (n = 1); benzoate metabolism (n = 2); methionine, cysteine, SAM and taurine metabolism (n = 2); secondary bile acid metabolism (n = 2); fatty acid dicarboxylate (n = 1); and plant-food components (n = 2); 9 could not be annotated. CONCLUSIONS: We identified exogenous and endogenous metabolites, representing a range of metabolic pathways, that consistently differed between a UPF-DP and UN-DP. These candidate biomarkers of UPF intake require investigation in larger samples with dietary data sufficient for NOVA classification. FUNDING SOURCES: NCI, NIDDK. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9193526 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91935262022-06-14 Plasma and Urine Metabolomic Response to an Ultra-Processed Dietary Pattern: A Biomarker Discovery Analysis in a Domiciled Randomized Controlled Crossover Feeding Trial O'Connor, Lauren Hall, Kevin Herrick, Kirsten Reedy, Jill Chung, Stephanie Stagliano, Michael Courville, Amber Sinha, Rashmi Loftfield, Erikka Curr Dev Nutr Dietary Patterns OBJECTIVES: To identify metabolomic markers that differed between dietary patterns (DP) that are either high in or void of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) according to NOVA. METHODS: A secondary analysis of a randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial in which 20 domiciled, healthy participants (mean ± SD: 31 ± 7 years, BMI 22 ± 11.6, 50% female) consumed a UPF-DP (80% UPFs) and an unprocessed DP (UN-DP; 0% UPFs) for two weeks with no washout. DPs were matched for energy, macronutrients, total fiber, total sugar, and sodium; presented at 200% of energy requirements; and consumed ad libitum. Metabolite levels were measured in EDTA plasma at the end of each DP (wk 2) and in 24-hr and spot urine at wk 1 and 2, using untargeted liquid chromatography with high resolution/tandem mass spectrometry and annotated using Metabolon's reference library and authentic standards. Metabolites (n = 1000 plasma, n = 1272 24-hr urine, and n = 1281 spot urine) with <80% missing data and coefficients of variation <30% were assigned minimum detected values, scaled to median of 1, and log2-transformed. Linear mixed models in SAS identified metabolites that differed between UPF-DP and UN-DP adjusted for trial, DP sequence, timepoint, and body weight changes, with a subject-specific random intercept and Benjamini-Hochberg multiple comparison correction. RESULTS: For plasma, 183 metabolites differed between UPF-DP and UN-DP at wk 2. For 24-hr urine, 461 metabolites differed between UPF-DP and UN-DP at wk 1 and 2, 68 of which also differed at wk 1 and 2 for spot urine. Twenty metabolites consistently differed between UPF-DP and UN-DP at each timepoint and for each sample type. The sub pathways for these 20 metabolites included glutamate metabolism (n = 1 metabolite); ascorbate and aldarate metabolism (n = 1); benzoate metabolism (n = 2); methionine, cysteine, SAM and taurine metabolism (n = 2); secondary bile acid metabolism (n = 2); fatty acid dicarboxylate (n = 1); and plant-food components (n = 2); 9 could not be annotated. CONCLUSIONS: We identified exogenous and endogenous metabolites, representing a range of metabolic pathways, that consistently differed between a UPF-DP and UN-DP. These candidate biomarkers of UPF intake require investigation in larger samples with dietary data sufficient for NOVA classification. FUNDING SOURCES: NCI, NIDDK. Oxford University Press 2022-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9193526/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac054.038 Text en © The Author 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Dietary Patterns O'Connor, Lauren Hall, Kevin Herrick, Kirsten Reedy, Jill Chung, Stephanie Stagliano, Michael Courville, Amber Sinha, Rashmi Loftfield, Erikka Plasma and Urine Metabolomic Response to an Ultra-Processed Dietary Pattern: A Biomarker Discovery Analysis in a Domiciled Randomized Controlled Crossover Feeding Trial |
title | Plasma and Urine Metabolomic Response to an Ultra-Processed Dietary Pattern: A Biomarker Discovery Analysis in a Domiciled Randomized Controlled Crossover Feeding Trial |
title_full | Plasma and Urine Metabolomic Response to an Ultra-Processed Dietary Pattern: A Biomarker Discovery Analysis in a Domiciled Randomized Controlled Crossover Feeding Trial |
title_fullStr | Plasma and Urine Metabolomic Response to an Ultra-Processed Dietary Pattern: A Biomarker Discovery Analysis in a Domiciled Randomized Controlled Crossover Feeding Trial |
title_full_unstemmed | Plasma and Urine Metabolomic Response to an Ultra-Processed Dietary Pattern: A Biomarker Discovery Analysis in a Domiciled Randomized Controlled Crossover Feeding Trial |
title_short | Plasma and Urine Metabolomic Response to an Ultra-Processed Dietary Pattern: A Biomarker Discovery Analysis in a Domiciled Randomized Controlled Crossover Feeding Trial |
title_sort | plasma and urine metabolomic response to an ultra-processed dietary pattern: a biomarker discovery analysis in a domiciled randomized controlled crossover feeding trial |
topic | Dietary Patterns |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9193526/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac054.038 |
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