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A Comparative In Vitro and In Vivo Study of Osteogenicity by Using Two Biomaterials and Two Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Subtypes

Background: Bone repair induced by stem cells and biomaterials may represent an alternative to autologous bone grafting. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), easily accessible in every human, are prototypical cells that can be tested, alone or with a biomaterial, for creating new osteoblasts. The...

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Autores principales: Fievet, L., Serratrice, N., Brulin, B., Giraudo, L., Véran, J., Degardin, N., Sabatier, F., Féron, F., Layrolle, P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9195506/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35712655
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.913539
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author Fievet, L.
Serratrice, N.
Brulin, B.
Giraudo, L.
Véran, J.
Degardin, N.
Sabatier, F.
Féron, F.
Layrolle, P.
author_facet Fievet, L.
Serratrice, N.
Brulin, B.
Giraudo, L.
Véran, J.
Degardin, N.
Sabatier, F.
Féron, F.
Layrolle, P.
author_sort Fievet, L.
collection PubMed
description Background: Bone repair induced by stem cells and biomaterials may represent an alternative to autologous bone grafting. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), easily accessible in every human, are prototypical cells that can be tested, alone or with a biomaterial, for creating new osteoblasts. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of two biomaterials—biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) and bioactive glass (BG)—when loaded with either adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) or newborn nasal ecto-mesenchymal stem cells (NE-MSCs), the latter being collected for further repair of lip cleft-associated bone loss. Materials and Methods: BMMSCs were collected from two adults and NE-MSCs from two newborn infants. An in vitro study was performed in order to determine the best experimental conditions for adhesion, viability, proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation on BCP or BG granules. Bone-associated morphological changes and gene expression modifications were quantified using histological and molecular techniques. The in vivo study was based on the subcutaneous implantation in nude mice of the biomaterials, loaded or not with one of the two cell types. Eight weeks after, bone formation was assessed using histological and electron microscopy techniques. Results: Both cell types—BMMSC and NE-MSC—display the typical stem cell surface markers—CD73+, CD90+, CD105+, nestin - and exhibit the MSC-associated osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic multipotency. NE-MSCs produce less collagen and alkaline phosphatase than BMMSCs. At the transcript level, NE-MSCs express more abundantly three genes coding for bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin and osteopontin while BMMSCs produce extra copies of RunX2. BMMSCs and NE-MSCs adhere and survive on BCP and BG. In vivo experiments reveal that bone formation is only observed with BMMSCs transplanted on BCP biomaterial. Conclusion: Although belonging to the same superfamily of mesenchymal stem cells, BMMSCs and NE-MSCs exhibit striking differences, in vitro and in vivo. For future clinical applications, the association of BMMSCs with BCP biomaterial seems to be the most promising.
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spelling pubmed-91955062022-06-15 A Comparative In Vitro and In Vivo Study of Osteogenicity by Using Two Biomaterials and Two Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Subtypes Fievet, L. Serratrice, N. Brulin, B. Giraudo, L. Véran, J. Degardin, N. Sabatier, F. Féron, F. Layrolle, P. Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology Background: Bone repair induced by stem cells and biomaterials may represent an alternative to autologous bone grafting. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), easily accessible in every human, are prototypical cells that can be tested, alone or with a biomaterial, for creating new osteoblasts. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of two biomaterials—biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) and bioactive glass (BG)—when loaded with either adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) or newborn nasal ecto-mesenchymal stem cells (NE-MSCs), the latter being collected for further repair of lip cleft-associated bone loss. Materials and Methods: BMMSCs were collected from two adults and NE-MSCs from two newborn infants. An in vitro study was performed in order to determine the best experimental conditions for adhesion, viability, proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation on BCP or BG granules. Bone-associated morphological changes and gene expression modifications were quantified using histological and molecular techniques. The in vivo study was based on the subcutaneous implantation in nude mice of the biomaterials, loaded or not with one of the two cell types. Eight weeks after, bone formation was assessed using histological and electron microscopy techniques. Results: Both cell types—BMMSC and NE-MSC—display the typical stem cell surface markers—CD73+, CD90+, CD105+, nestin - and exhibit the MSC-associated osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic multipotency. NE-MSCs produce less collagen and alkaline phosphatase than BMMSCs. At the transcript level, NE-MSCs express more abundantly three genes coding for bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin and osteopontin while BMMSCs produce extra copies of RunX2. BMMSCs and NE-MSCs adhere and survive on BCP and BG. In vivo experiments reveal that bone formation is only observed with BMMSCs transplanted on BCP biomaterial. Conclusion: Although belonging to the same superfamily of mesenchymal stem cells, BMMSCs and NE-MSCs exhibit striking differences, in vitro and in vivo. For future clinical applications, the association of BMMSCs with BCP biomaterial seems to be the most promising. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9195506/ /pubmed/35712655 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.913539 Text en Copyright © 2022 Fievet, Serratrice, Brulin, Giraudo, Véran, Degardin, Sabatier, Féron and Layrolle. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Fievet, L.
Serratrice, N.
Brulin, B.
Giraudo, L.
Véran, J.
Degardin, N.
Sabatier, F.
Féron, F.
Layrolle, P.
A Comparative In Vitro and In Vivo Study of Osteogenicity by Using Two Biomaterials and Two Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Subtypes
title A Comparative In Vitro and In Vivo Study of Osteogenicity by Using Two Biomaterials and Two Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Subtypes
title_full A Comparative In Vitro and In Vivo Study of Osteogenicity by Using Two Biomaterials and Two Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Subtypes
title_fullStr A Comparative In Vitro and In Vivo Study of Osteogenicity by Using Two Biomaterials and Two Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Subtypes
title_full_unstemmed A Comparative In Vitro and In Vivo Study of Osteogenicity by Using Two Biomaterials and Two Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Subtypes
title_short A Comparative In Vitro and In Vivo Study of Osteogenicity by Using Two Biomaterials and Two Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Subtypes
title_sort comparative in vitro and in vivo study of osteogenicity by using two biomaterials and two human mesenchymal stem cell subtypes
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9195506/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35712655
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.913539
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