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Heterografted chrysanthemums enhance salt stress tolerance by integrating reactive oxygen species, soluble sugar, and proline
Chrysanthemum, one of the most important commercial ornamental crops, is susceptible to salinity, which limits its cultivation and application in coastal and inland saline areas. Grafting is widely used to improve the salt tolerance of horticultural crops, but the mechanisms of grafted chrysanthemum...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9198737/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35712696 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhac073 |
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author | Li, Wenjie Meng, Rui Liu, Ye Chen, Sumei Jiang, Jiafu Wang, Likai Zhao, Shuang Wang, Zhenxing Fang, Weimin Chen, Fadi Guan, Zhiyong |
author_facet | Li, Wenjie Meng, Rui Liu, Ye Chen, Sumei Jiang, Jiafu Wang, Likai Zhao, Shuang Wang, Zhenxing Fang, Weimin Chen, Fadi Guan, Zhiyong |
author_sort | Li, Wenjie |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chrysanthemum, one of the most important commercial ornamental crops, is susceptible to salinity, which limits its cultivation and application in coastal and inland saline areas. Grafting is widely used to improve the salt tolerance of horticultural crops, but the mechanisms of grafted chrysanthemum responses to salt stress remain unclear. In this study, we showed that heterografted chrysanthemums with Artemisia annua as rootstock exhibited increased salt tolerance compared with self-grafted and self-rooted chrysanthemums. Under high salt stress, the roots of heterografted chrysanthemums enrich Na(+), resulting in a reduction of Na(+) toxicity in the scion, with only a small amount of Na(+) being transported to the leaves. On the other hand, the roots of heterografted chrysanthemums alleviated high Na(+) stress via enhanced catalase enzyme activity, downregulation of the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation-related genes, massive accumulation of soluble sugars and proline, and upregulation of the expression of heat shock protein-related genes to enhance salt tolerance. In addition, the leaves of heterografted chrysanthemums respond to low Na(+) stress by increasing peroxidase enzyme activity and soluble sugar and proline contents, to maintain a healthy state. However, self-grafted and self-rooted plants could not integrate ROS, soluble sugars, and proline in response to salt stress, and thus exhibited a salt-sensitive phenotype. Our research reveals the mechanisms underlying the increased salt tolerance of heterografted chrysanthemums and makes it possible to have large-scale cultivation of chrysanthemums in saline areas. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9198737 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91987372022-06-15 Heterografted chrysanthemums enhance salt stress tolerance by integrating reactive oxygen species, soluble sugar, and proline Li, Wenjie Meng, Rui Liu, Ye Chen, Sumei Jiang, Jiafu Wang, Likai Zhao, Shuang Wang, Zhenxing Fang, Weimin Chen, Fadi Guan, Zhiyong Hortic Res Article Chrysanthemum, one of the most important commercial ornamental crops, is susceptible to salinity, which limits its cultivation and application in coastal and inland saline areas. Grafting is widely used to improve the salt tolerance of horticultural crops, but the mechanisms of grafted chrysanthemum responses to salt stress remain unclear. In this study, we showed that heterografted chrysanthemums with Artemisia annua as rootstock exhibited increased salt tolerance compared with self-grafted and self-rooted chrysanthemums. Under high salt stress, the roots of heterografted chrysanthemums enrich Na(+), resulting in a reduction of Na(+) toxicity in the scion, with only a small amount of Na(+) being transported to the leaves. On the other hand, the roots of heterografted chrysanthemums alleviated high Na(+) stress via enhanced catalase enzyme activity, downregulation of the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation-related genes, massive accumulation of soluble sugars and proline, and upregulation of the expression of heat shock protein-related genes to enhance salt tolerance. In addition, the leaves of heterografted chrysanthemums respond to low Na(+) stress by increasing peroxidase enzyme activity and soluble sugar and proline contents, to maintain a healthy state. However, self-grafted and self-rooted plants could not integrate ROS, soluble sugars, and proline in response to salt stress, and thus exhibited a salt-sensitive phenotype. Our research reveals the mechanisms underlying the increased salt tolerance of heterografted chrysanthemums and makes it possible to have large-scale cultivation of chrysanthemums in saline areas. Oxford University Press 2022-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9198737/ /pubmed/35712696 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhac073 Text en © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nanjing Agricultural University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Article Li, Wenjie Meng, Rui Liu, Ye Chen, Sumei Jiang, Jiafu Wang, Likai Zhao, Shuang Wang, Zhenxing Fang, Weimin Chen, Fadi Guan, Zhiyong Heterografted chrysanthemums enhance salt stress tolerance by integrating reactive oxygen species, soluble sugar, and proline |
title | Heterografted chrysanthemums enhance salt stress tolerance by integrating reactive oxygen species, soluble sugar, and proline |
title_full | Heterografted chrysanthemums enhance salt stress tolerance by integrating reactive oxygen species, soluble sugar, and proline |
title_fullStr | Heterografted chrysanthemums enhance salt stress tolerance by integrating reactive oxygen species, soluble sugar, and proline |
title_full_unstemmed | Heterografted chrysanthemums enhance salt stress tolerance by integrating reactive oxygen species, soluble sugar, and proline |
title_short | Heterografted chrysanthemums enhance salt stress tolerance by integrating reactive oxygen species, soluble sugar, and proline |
title_sort | heterografted chrysanthemums enhance salt stress tolerance by integrating reactive oxygen species, soluble sugar, and proline |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9198737/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35712696 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhac073 |
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