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Inflammatory Cytokines Changed in Patients With Depression Before and After Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment

Studies have found that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation rTMS can produce antidepressant effects by affecting inflammatory cytokines in patients with depression, which plays a key role in the therapeutic mechanism of antidepressants. This study aimed to explore the changes in inflammator...

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Autores principales: Wang, Qiang, Zeng, Lingyun, Hong, Wenjuan, Luo, Mingying, Zhao, Nan, Hu, Xiaofen, Shi, Meili, Qiu, Jing, Shen, Yanmin, Teng, Xiuju, Min, Haiying, Liu, Weiqing
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9201075/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35722555
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.925007
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author Wang, Qiang
Zeng, Lingyun
Hong, Wenjuan
Luo, Mingying
Zhao, Nan
Hu, Xiaofen
Shi, Meili
Qiu, Jing
Shen, Yanmin
Teng, Xiuju
Min, Haiying
Liu, Weiqing
author_facet Wang, Qiang
Zeng, Lingyun
Hong, Wenjuan
Luo, Mingying
Zhao, Nan
Hu, Xiaofen
Shi, Meili
Qiu, Jing
Shen, Yanmin
Teng, Xiuju
Min, Haiying
Liu, Weiqing
author_sort Wang, Qiang
collection PubMed
description Studies have found that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation rTMS can produce antidepressant effects by affecting inflammatory cytokines in patients with depression, which plays a key role in the therapeutic mechanism of antidepressants. This study aimed to explore the changes in inflammatory cytokine levels in patients with depression after 4 weeks of rTMS treatment to determine the possible antidepressant mechanism of rTMS. This prospective, double-blind, pseudo-stimulus-controlled study was conducted, and a total of 57 patients with depression and 30 healthy controls were recruited. Patients were randomly divided into the active rTMS (n = 29) and sham rTMS groups (n = 28). The Hamilton Depression Scale was used to evaluate depressive symptoms and their severity. The serum levels of seven inflammatory cytokines were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Inflammatory cytokines include high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP-hc); tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α); interferon (IFN-γ); interleukin-2 (IL-2); interleukin-4 (IL-4); interleukin-6 (IL-6); and interleukin-8 (IL-8). At baseline, TNF-α (F = 36.699, p < 0.001), IFN-γ (F = 8.907, p < 0.001), IL-4 (F = 66.256, p < 0.001), and IL-2 (F = 9.162, p < 0.001) levels in the depression group were significantly different from those of healthy controls. In the self-control analysis of the active rTMS group, the levels of IL-2 and CRP-hc increased significantly after 2 and 12 weeks of treatment. In the sham-rTMS group, IFN-γ increased after 2 and 12 weeks of treatment. Our results revealed that the changes in inflammatory cytokines after rTMS treatment showed different patterns compared to the sham group, suggesting that the antidepressant effect of rTMS may be related to changes in inflammatory cytokines.
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spelling pubmed-92010752022-06-17 Inflammatory Cytokines Changed in Patients With Depression Before and After Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment Wang, Qiang Zeng, Lingyun Hong, Wenjuan Luo, Mingying Zhao, Nan Hu, Xiaofen Shi, Meili Qiu, Jing Shen, Yanmin Teng, Xiuju Min, Haiying Liu, Weiqing Front Psychiatry Psychiatry Studies have found that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation rTMS can produce antidepressant effects by affecting inflammatory cytokines in patients with depression, which plays a key role in the therapeutic mechanism of antidepressants. This study aimed to explore the changes in inflammatory cytokine levels in patients with depression after 4 weeks of rTMS treatment to determine the possible antidepressant mechanism of rTMS. This prospective, double-blind, pseudo-stimulus-controlled study was conducted, and a total of 57 patients with depression and 30 healthy controls were recruited. Patients were randomly divided into the active rTMS (n = 29) and sham rTMS groups (n = 28). The Hamilton Depression Scale was used to evaluate depressive symptoms and their severity. The serum levels of seven inflammatory cytokines were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Inflammatory cytokines include high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP-hc); tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α); interferon (IFN-γ); interleukin-2 (IL-2); interleukin-4 (IL-4); interleukin-6 (IL-6); and interleukin-8 (IL-8). At baseline, TNF-α (F = 36.699, p < 0.001), IFN-γ (F = 8.907, p < 0.001), IL-4 (F = 66.256, p < 0.001), and IL-2 (F = 9.162, p < 0.001) levels in the depression group were significantly different from those of healthy controls. In the self-control analysis of the active rTMS group, the levels of IL-2 and CRP-hc increased significantly after 2 and 12 weeks of treatment. In the sham-rTMS group, IFN-γ increased after 2 and 12 weeks of treatment. Our results revealed that the changes in inflammatory cytokines after rTMS treatment showed different patterns compared to the sham group, suggesting that the antidepressant effect of rTMS may be related to changes in inflammatory cytokines. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9201075/ /pubmed/35722555 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.925007 Text en Copyright © 2022 Wang, Zeng, Hong, Luo, Zhao, Hu, Shi, Qiu, Shen, Teng, Min and Liu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Wang, Qiang
Zeng, Lingyun
Hong, Wenjuan
Luo, Mingying
Zhao, Nan
Hu, Xiaofen
Shi, Meili
Qiu, Jing
Shen, Yanmin
Teng, Xiuju
Min, Haiying
Liu, Weiqing
Inflammatory Cytokines Changed in Patients With Depression Before and After Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment
title Inflammatory Cytokines Changed in Patients With Depression Before and After Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment
title_full Inflammatory Cytokines Changed in Patients With Depression Before and After Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment
title_fullStr Inflammatory Cytokines Changed in Patients With Depression Before and After Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment
title_full_unstemmed Inflammatory Cytokines Changed in Patients With Depression Before and After Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment
title_short Inflammatory Cytokines Changed in Patients With Depression Before and After Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Treatment
title_sort inflammatory cytokines changed in patients with depression before and after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9201075/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35722555
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.925007
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