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Wheat Stem Rust Back in Europe: Diversity, Prevalence and Impact on Host Resistance

The objective of this study was to investigate the re-emergence of a previously important crop pathogen in Europe, Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici, causing wheat stem rust. The pathogen has been insignificant in Europe for more than 60 years, but since 2016 it has caused epidemics on both durum whea...

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Autores principales: Patpour, Mehran, Hovmøller, Mogens S., Rodriguez-Algaba, Julian, Randazzo, Biagio, Villegas, Dolors, Shamanin, Vladimir P., Berlin, Anna, Flath, Kerstin, Czembor, Pawel, Hanzalova, Alena, Sliková, Svetlana, Skolotneva, Ekaterina S., Jin, Yue, Szabo, Les, Meyer, Kevin J. G., Valade, Romain, Thach, Tine, Hansen, Jens G., Justesen, Annemarie F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9202592/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35720526
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.882440
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author Patpour, Mehran
Hovmøller, Mogens S.
Rodriguez-Algaba, Julian
Randazzo, Biagio
Villegas, Dolors
Shamanin, Vladimir P.
Berlin, Anna
Flath, Kerstin
Czembor, Pawel
Hanzalova, Alena
Sliková, Svetlana
Skolotneva, Ekaterina S.
Jin, Yue
Szabo, Les
Meyer, Kevin J. G.
Valade, Romain
Thach, Tine
Hansen, Jens G.
Justesen, Annemarie F.
author_facet Patpour, Mehran
Hovmøller, Mogens S.
Rodriguez-Algaba, Julian
Randazzo, Biagio
Villegas, Dolors
Shamanin, Vladimir P.
Berlin, Anna
Flath, Kerstin
Czembor, Pawel
Hanzalova, Alena
Sliková, Svetlana
Skolotneva, Ekaterina S.
Jin, Yue
Szabo, Les
Meyer, Kevin J. G.
Valade, Romain
Thach, Tine
Hansen, Jens G.
Justesen, Annemarie F.
author_sort Patpour, Mehran
collection PubMed
description The objective of this study was to investigate the re-emergence of a previously important crop pathogen in Europe, Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici, causing wheat stem rust. The pathogen has been insignificant in Europe for more than 60 years, but since 2016 it has caused epidemics on both durum wheat and bread wheat in local areas in southern Europe, and additional outbreaks in Central- and West Europe. The prevalence of three distinct genotypes/races in many areas, Clade III-B (TTRTF), Clade IV-B (TKTTF) and Clade IV-F (TKKTF), suggested clonal reproduction and evolution by mutation within these. None of these genetic groups and races, which likely originated from exotic incursions, were detected in Europe prior to 2016. A fourth genetic group, Clade VIII, detected in Germany (2013), was observed in several years in Central- and East Europe. Tests of representative European wheat varieties with prevalent races revealed high level of susceptibility. In contrast, high diversity with respect to virulence and Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were detected in local populations on cereals and grasses in proximity to Berberis species in Spain and Sweden, indicating that the alternate host may return as functional component of the epidemiology of wheat stem rust in Europe. A geographically distant population from Omsk and Novosibirsk in western Siberia (Russia) also revealed high genetic diversity, but clearly different from current European populations. The presence of Sr31-virulence in multiple and highly diverse races in local populations in Spain and Siberia stress that virulence may emerge independently when large geographical areas and time spans are considered and that Sr31-virulence is not unique to Ug99. All isolates of the Spanish populations, collected from wheat, rye and grass species, were succesfully recovered on wheat, which underline the plasticity of host barriers within P. graminis. The study demonstrated successful alignment of two genotyping approaches and race phenotyping methodologies employed by different laboratories, which also allowed us to line up with previous European and international studies of wheat stem rust. Our results suggest new initiatives within disease surveillance, epidemiological research and resistance breeding to meet current and future challenges by wheat stem rust in Europe and beyond.
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spelling pubmed-92025922022-06-17 Wheat Stem Rust Back in Europe: Diversity, Prevalence and Impact on Host Resistance Patpour, Mehran Hovmøller, Mogens S. Rodriguez-Algaba, Julian Randazzo, Biagio Villegas, Dolors Shamanin, Vladimir P. Berlin, Anna Flath, Kerstin Czembor, Pawel Hanzalova, Alena Sliková, Svetlana Skolotneva, Ekaterina S. Jin, Yue Szabo, Les Meyer, Kevin J. G. Valade, Romain Thach, Tine Hansen, Jens G. Justesen, Annemarie F. Front Plant Sci Plant Science The objective of this study was to investigate the re-emergence of a previously important crop pathogen in Europe, Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici, causing wheat stem rust. The pathogen has been insignificant in Europe for more than 60 years, but since 2016 it has caused epidemics on both durum wheat and bread wheat in local areas in southern Europe, and additional outbreaks in Central- and West Europe. The prevalence of three distinct genotypes/races in many areas, Clade III-B (TTRTF), Clade IV-B (TKTTF) and Clade IV-F (TKKTF), suggested clonal reproduction and evolution by mutation within these. None of these genetic groups and races, which likely originated from exotic incursions, were detected in Europe prior to 2016. A fourth genetic group, Clade VIII, detected in Germany (2013), was observed in several years in Central- and East Europe. Tests of representative European wheat varieties with prevalent races revealed high level of susceptibility. In contrast, high diversity with respect to virulence and Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were detected in local populations on cereals and grasses in proximity to Berberis species in Spain and Sweden, indicating that the alternate host may return as functional component of the epidemiology of wheat stem rust in Europe. A geographically distant population from Omsk and Novosibirsk in western Siberia (Russia) also revealed high genetic diversity, but clearly different from current European populations. The presence of Sr31-virulence in multiple and highly diverse races in local populations in Spain and Siberia stress that virulence may emerge independently when large geographical areas and time spans are considered and that Sr31-virulence is not unique to Ug99. All isolates of the Spanish populations, collected from wheat, rye and grass species, were succesfully recovered on wheat, which underline the plasticity of host barriers within P. graminis. The study demonstrated successful alignment of two genotyping approaches and race phenotyping methodologies employed by different laboratories, which also allowed us to line up with previous European and international studies of wheat stem rust. Our results suggest new initiatives within disease surveillance, epidemiological research and resistance breeding to meet current and future challenges by wheat stem rust in Europe and beyond. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9202592/ /pubmed/35720526 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.882440 Text en Copyright © 2022 Patpour, Hovmøller, Rodriguez-Algaba, Randazzo, Villegas, Shamanin, Berlin, Flath, Czembor, Hanzalova, Sliková, Skolotneva, Jin, Szabo, Meyer, Valade, Thach, Hansen and Justesen. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Patpour, Mehran
Hovmøller, Mogens S.
Rodriguez-Algaba, Julian
Randazzo, Biagio
Villegas, Dolors
Shamanin, Vladimir P.
Berlin, Anna
Flath, Kerstin
Czembor, Pawel
Hanzalova, Alena
Sliková, Svetlana
Skolotneva, Ekaterina S.
Jin, Yue
Szabo, Les
Meyer, Kevin J. G.
Valade, Romain
Thach, Tine
Hansen, Jens G.
Justesen, Annemarie F.
Wheat Stem Rust Back in Europe: Diversity, Prevalence and Impact on Host Resistance
title Wheat Stem Rust Back in Europe: Diversity, Prevalence and Impact on Host Resistance
title_full Wheat Stem Rust Back in Europe: Diversity, Prevalence and Impact on Host Resistance
title_fullStr Wheat Stem Rust Back in Europe: Diversity, Prevalence and Impact on Host Resistance
title_full_unstemmed Wheat Stem Rust Back in Europe: Diversity, Prevalence and Impact on Host Resistance
title_short Wheat Stem Rust Back in Europe: Diversity, Prevalence and Impact on Host Resistance
title_sort wheat stem rust back in europe: diversity, prevalence and impact on host resistance
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9202592/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35720526
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.882440
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