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Comparison of the Gut Microbiota in Healthy Infants With Different Delivery Modes and Feeding Types: A Cohort Study
To compare the gut microbiota of healthy infants based on specific interactions of delivery modes and feeding types, we recruited 62 healthy babies who were followed up for 2 years from our previous cohort study of 91 infants (the rest were lost to follow-up). They were exclusively fed breast milk o...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9204251/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35722310 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.868227 |
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author | Ma, Jingran Li, Zhenghong Zhang, Wenjuan Zhang, Chunli Zhang, Yuheng Mei, Hua Zhuo, Na Wang, Hongyun Wu, Dan |
author_facet | Ma, Jingran Li, Zhenghong Zhang, Wenjuan Zhang, Chunli Zhang, Yuheng Mei, Hua Zhuo, Na Wang, Hongyun Wu, Dan |
author_sort | Ma, Jingran |
collection | PubMed |
description | To compare the gut microbiota of healthy infants based on specific interactions of delivery modes and feeding types, we recruited 62 healthy babies who were followed up for 2 years from our previous cohort study of 91 infants (the rest were lost to follow-up). They were exclusively fed breast milk or specific formulas for more than 4 months after birth. The fecal bacterial composition was tested at 40 days, 3 months, and 6 months of age. Solid foods were introduced from 4 to 6 months of age and thus did not affect the microbiota before 4 months of age. According to the different delivery modes (i.e., vaginal delivery, VD, or cesarean section delivery, CS) and feeding types (i.e., breast-fed, br, or formula-fed, fo), the infants were assigned to four different groups, namely, the VD-br, VD-fo, CS-br, and CS-fo groups. We found that at 40 days of age, the α diversity (reported as the Shannon index) was lower in the br infants than in the fo infants. At 3 months of age, the α diversity was significantly lower in the CS-br group, although significant differences were not observed after solid food introduction. Bifidobacterium represented the most predominant genus in all groups at all time points, followed by Enterobacteriaceae. At 40 days of age, the abundance of Bifidobacterium was much higher in the CS-br group than in the CS-fo group but did not differ between the VD-br and VD-fo groups. The differences in Bifidobacterium disappeared at 3 and 6 months of age among the different groups. At 40 days of age, the abundance of Streptococcus and Enterococcus was much lower in the br infants than in the CS-fo group. At 3 months of age, Enterococcus was significantly lower in the CS-br group than in the fo infants, although for infants delivered by VD, the difference between feeding types was not significant. The specific interaction of delivery modes and feeding types has a large impact on the infants' gut microbiota. Breastfeeding and VD may decrease the potential adverse effects of formula feeding or CS delivery on gut microbiota, thus leading to a more stable and beneficial gut environment for infants. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9204251 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92042512022-06-18 Comparison of the Gut Microbiota in Healthy Infants With Different Delivery Modes and Feeding Types: A Cohort Study Ma, Jingran Li, Zhenghong Zhang, Wenjuan Zhang, Chunli Zhang, Yuheng Mei, Hua Zhuo, Na Wang, Hongyun Wu, Dan Front Microbiol Microbiology To compare the gut microbiota of healthy infants based on specific interactions of delivery modes and feeding types, we recruited 62 healthy babies who were followed up for 2 years from our previous cohort study of 91 infants (the rest were lost to follow-up). They were exclusively fed breast milk or specific formulas for more than 4 months after birth. The fecal bacterial composition was tested at 40 days, 3 months, and 6 months of age. Solid foods were introduced from 4 to 6 months of age and thus did not affect the microbiota before 4 months of age. According to the different delivery modes (i.e., vaginal delivery, VD, or cesarean section delivery, CS) and feeding types (i.e., breast-fed, br, or formula-fed, fo), the infants were assigned to four different groups, namely, the VD-br, VD-fo, CS-br, and CS-fo groups. We found that at 40 days of age, the α diversity (reported as the Shannon index) was lower in the br infants than in the fo infants. At 3 months of age, the α diversity was significantly lower in the CS-br group, although significant differences were not observed after solid food introduction. Bifidobacterium represented the most predominant genus in all groups at all time points, followed by Enterobacteriaceae. At 40 days of age, the abundance of Bifidobacterium was much higher in the CS-br group than in the CS-fo group but did not differ between the VD-br and VD-fo groups. The differences in Bifidobacterium disappeared at 3 and 6 months of age among the different groups. At 40 days of age, the abundance of Streptococcus and Enterococcus was much lower in the br infants than in the CS-fo group. At 3 months of age, Enterococcus was significantly lower in the CS-br group than in the fo infants, although for infants delivered by VD, the difference between feeding types was not significant. The specific interaction of delivery modes and feeding types has a large impact on the infants' gut microbiota. Breastfeeding and VD may decrease the potential adverse effects of formula feeding or CS delivery on gut microbiota, thus leading to a more stable and beneficial gut environment for infants. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9204251/ /pubmed/35722310 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.868227 Text en Copyright © 2022 Ma, Li, Zhang, Zhang, Zhang, Mei, Zhuo, Wang and Wu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Ma, Jingran Li, Zhenghong Zhang, Wenjuan Zhang, Chunli Zhang, Yuheng Mei, Hua Zhuo, Na Wang, Hongyun Wu, Dan Comparison of the Gut Microbiota in Healthy Infants With Different Delivery Modes and Feeding Types: A Cohort Study |
title | Comparison of the Gut Microbiota in Healthy Infants With Different Delivery Modes and Feeding Types: A Cohort Study |
title_full | Comparison of the Gut Microbiota in Healthy Infants With Different Delivery Modes and Feeding Types: A Cohort Study |
title_fullStr | Comparison of the Gut Microbiota in Healthy Infants With Different Delivery Modes and Feeding Types: A Cohort Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of the Gut Microbiota in Healthy Infants With Different Delivery Modes and Feeding Types: A Cohort Study |
title_short | Comparison of the Gut Microbiota in Healthy Infants With Different Delivery Modes and Feeding Types: A Cohort Study |
title_sort | comparison of the gut microbiota in healthy infants with different delivery modes and feeding types: a cohort study |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9204251/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35722310 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.868227 |
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