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Malaria-associated risk factors among adolescents living in areas with persistent transmission in Senegal: a case–control study
BACKGROUND: In Senegal, malaria morbidity has sharply decreased over these past years. However, malaria epidemiology remains heterogeneous with persistent transmission in the southeastern part of the country and many cases among older children and adolescents. Little is known about factors associate...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9208171/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35725475 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04212-8 |
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author | Tairou, Fassiatou Diallo, Abdoulaye Sy, Ousmane Kone, Aminatou Manga, Isaac Akhenaton Sylla, Khadim Lelo, Souleye Fall, Cheikh Binetou Sow, Doudou Ndiaye, Magatte Faye, Babacar Tine, Roger C. K. |
author_facet | Tairou, Fassiatou Diallo, Abdoulaye Sy, Ousmane Kone, Aminatou Manga, Isaac Akhenaton Sylla, Khadim Lelo, Souleye Fall, Cheikh Binetou Sow, Doudou Ndiaye, Magatte Faye, Babacar Tine, Roger C. K. |
author_sort | Tairou, Fassiatou |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: In Senegal, malaria morbidity has sharply decreased over these past years. However, malaria epidemiology remains heterogeneous with persistent transmission in the southeastern part of the country and many cases among older children and adolescents. Little is known about factors associated with clinical malaria among this group. A better understanding of malaria transmission among this newly emerging vulnerable group will guide future interventions targeting this population group. This study aimed to identify factors associated with clinical malaria among adolescents in Senegal. METHODS: A case–control study was conducted from November to December 2020 in four health posts located in the Saraya district. Cases were defined as adolescents (10–19 years) with an uncomplicated malaria episode with fever (temperature > 37.5°) or a history of fever and positive malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT). Controls were from the same age group, living in the neighbourhood of the case, presenting a negative RDT. A standardized, pre-tested questionnaire was administered to each study participant followed by a home visit to assess the participant's living conditions. Factors associated with clinical malaria were assessed using stepwise logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: In total, 492 individuals were recruited (246 cases and 246 controls). In a multivariate analysis, factors associated with clinical malaria included non-use of long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) (aOR = 2.65; 95% CI 1.58–4.45), non-use of other preventive measures (aOR = 2.51; 95% CI 1.53–4.11) and indoor sleeping (aOR = 3.22; 95% CI 1.66–6.23). Protective factors included 15–19 years of age (aOR = 0.38; 95% CI 0.23–0.62), absence of stagnant water around the house (aOR = 0.27; 95% CI 0.16–0.44), having a female as head of household (aOR = 0.47; 95% CI 0.25–0.90), occupation such as apprentice (OR = 0.24; 95% CI 0.11–0.52). CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed that environmental factors and non-use of malaria preventive measures are the main determinants of malaria transmission among adolescents living in areas with persistent malaria transmission in Senegal. Strategies aimed at improving disease awareness and access to healthcare interventions, such as LLINs, are needed to improve malaria control and prevention among these vulnerable groups. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9208171 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92081712022-06-21 Malaria-associated risk factors among adolescents living in areas with persistent transmission in Senegal: a case–control study Tairou, Fassiatou Diallo, Abdoulaye Sy, Ousmane Kone, Aminatou Manga, Isaac Akhenaton Sylla, Khadim Lelo, Souleye Fall, Cheikh Binetou Sow, Doudou Ndiaye, Magatte Faye, Babacar Tine, Roger C. K. Malar J Research BACKGROUND: In Senegal, malaria morbidity has sharply decreased over these past years. However, malaria epidemiology remains heterogeneous with persistent transmission in the southeastern part of the country and many cases among older children and adolescents. Little is known about factors associated with clinical malaria among this group. A better understanding of malaria transmission among this newly emerging vulnerable group will guide future interventions targeting this population group. This study aimed to identify factors associated with clinical malaria among adolescents in Senegal. METHODS: A case–control study was conducted from November to December 2020 in four health posts located in the Saraya district. Cases were defined as adolescents (10–19 years) with an uncomplicated malaria episode with fever (temperature > 37.5°) or a history of fever and positive malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT). Controls were from the same age group, living in the neighbourhood of the case, presenting a negative RDT. A standardized, pre-tested questionnaire was administered to each study participant followed by a home visit to assess the participant's living conditions. Factors associated with clinical malaria were assessed using stepwise logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: In total, 492 individuals were recruited (246 cases and 246 controls). In a multivariate analysis, factors associated with clinical malaria included non-use of long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) (aOR = 2.65; 95% CI 1.58–4.45), non-use of other preventive measures (aOR = 2.51; 95% CI 1.53–4.11) and indoor sleeping (aOR = 3.22; 95% CI 1.66–6.23). Protective factors included 15–19 years of age (aOR = 0.38; 95% CI 0.23–0.62), absence of stagnant water around the house (aOR = 0.27; 95% CI 0.16–0.44), having a female as head of household (aOR = 0.47; 95% CI 0.25–0.90), occupation such as apprentice (OR = 0.24; 95% CI 0.11–0.52). CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed that environmental factors and non-use of malaria preventive measures are the main determinants of malaria transmission among adolescents living in areas with persistent malaria transmission in Senegal. Strategies aimed at improving disease awareness and access to healthcare interventions, such as LLINs, are needed to improve malaria control and prevention among these vulnerable groups. BioMed Central 2022-06-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9208171/ /pubmed/35725475 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04212-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Tairou, Fassiatou Diallo, Abdoulaye Sy, Ousmane Kone, Aminatou Manga, Isaac Akhenaton Sylla, Khadim Lelo, Souleye Fall, Cheikh Binetou Sow, Doudou Ndiaye, Magatte Faye, Babacar Tine, Roger C. K. Malaria-associated risk factors among adolescents living in areas with persistent transmission in Senegal: a case–control study |
title | Malaria-associated risk factors among adolescents living in areas with persistent transmission in Senegal: a case–control study |
title_full | Malaria-associated risk factors among adolescents living in areas with persistent transmission in Senegal: a case–control study |
title_fullStr | Malaria-associated risk factors among adolescents living in areas with persistent transmission in Senegal: a case–control study |
title_full_unstemmed | Malaria-associated risk factors among adolescents living in areas with persistent transmission in Senegal: a case–control study |
title_short | Malaria-associated risk factors among adolescents living in areas with persistent transmission in Senegal: a case–control study |
title_sort | malaria-associated risk factors among adolescents living in areas with persistent transmission in senegal: a case–control study |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9208171/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35725475 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04212-8 |
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