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Evaluation of uptake of the cytostatic methotrexate in Elliptio complanata mussels by LC–MS/MS

Aquatic organisms are continuously exposed to emerging contaminants coming from urban effluents of wastewater treatment plants. The contamination of surface water by those effluents poses a number of environmental risks, and pharmaceuticals are part of this class of effluent contaminants. Various cl...

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Autores principales: Poirier Larabie, Sylvie, Jutras, Martin, Leclair, Grégoire, St-Jean, Isabelle, Kleinert, Christine, Gagné, François, Gagnon, Christian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9209350/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35146607
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19064-7
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author Poirier Larabie, Sylvie
Jutras, Martin
Leclair, Grégoire
St-Jean, Isabelle
Kleinert, Christine
Gagné, François
Gagnon, Christian
author_facet Poirier Larabie, Sylvie
Jutras, Martin
Leclair, Grégoire
St-Jean, Isabelle
Kleinert, Christine
Gagné, François
Gagnon, Christian
author_sort Poirier Larabie, Sylvie
collection PubMed
description Aquatic organisms are continuously exposed to emerging contaminants coming from urban effluents of wastewater treatment plants. The contamination of surface water by those effluents poses a number of environmental risks, and pharmaceuticals are part of this class of effluent contaminants. Various classes of pharmaceuticals are not treated by wastewater treatment plants and anticancer drugs are part of them. The chemotherapy drug methotrexate (MTX) is an emerging contaminant and its growing use with the increase in cancer cases worldwide raises potential risk to aquatic organisms exposed to effluent discharges. However, chemical analyses in exposed freshwater aquatic organisms for ecotoxicological studies are rarely available and no studies have been done yet to accompany ecotoxicological data of exposed filter-feeding organisms. The purpose of this study was to develop a specific and sensitive analytical LC–MS/MS method for the quantification of methotrexate uptake in mussels exposed at different concentrations of the drug. A solid/liquid extraction followed by solid phase extraction (SPE) using an MCX phase purification scheme was optimized. The optimal recovery of 65% and matrix effect of 38% allowed to achieve a limit of quantification of 0.25 ng g(−1), with an accuracy of 99–106%, a precision of no more than 3% RSD, and linearity ranging from 0.25 to 25 ng g(−1). This methodology was tested with mussels exposed for 96 h at different concentrations (4 to 100 µg L(−1)) of MTX. The data revealed tissue uptake at concentrations ranging from 0 to 2.53 ng g(−1). This suggests that this drug has low uptake potential and this methodology could be used to examine tissue levels of this drug in organisms continuously exposed to urban pollution.
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spelling pubmed-92093502022-06-22 Evaluation of uptake of the cytostatic methotrexate in Elliptio complanata mussels by LC–MS/MS Poirier Larabie, Sylvie Jutras, Martin Leclair, Grégoire St-Jean, Isabelle Kleinert, Christine Gagné, François Gagnon, Christian Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Research Article Aquatic organisms are continuously exposed to emerging contaminants coming from urban effluents of wastewater treatment plants. The contamination of surface water by those effluents poses a number of environmental risks, and pharmaceuticals are part of this class of effluent contaminants. Various classes of pharmaceuticals are not treated by wastewater treatment plants and anticancer drugs are part of them. The chemotherapy drug methotrexate (MTX) is an emerging contaminant and its growing use with the increase in cancer cases worldwide raises potential risk to aquatic organisms exposed to effluent discharges. However, chemical analyses in exposed freshwater aquatic organisms for ecotoxicological studies are rarely available and no studies have been done yet to accompany ecotoxicological data of exposed filter-feeding organisms. The purpose of this study was to develop a specific and sensitive analytical LC–MS/MS method for the quantification of methotrexate uptake in mussels exposed at different concentrations of the drug. A solid/liquid extraction followed by solid phase extraction (SPE) using an MCX phase purification scheme was optimized. The optimal recovery of 65% and matrix effect of 38% allowed to achieve a limit of quantification of 0.25 ng g(−1), with an accuracy of 99–106%, a precision of no more than 3% RSD, and linearity ranging from 0.25 to 25 ng g(−1). This methodology was tested with mussels exposed for 96 h at different concentrations (4 to 100 µg L(−1)) of MTX. The data revealed tissue uptake at concentrations ranging from 0 to 2.53 ng g(−1). This suggests that this drug has low uptake potential and this methodology could be used to examine tissue levels of this drug in organisms continuously exposed to urban pollution. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022-02-10 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9209350/ /pubmed/35146607 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19064-7 Text en © Crown 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Research Article
Poirier Larabie, Sylvie
Jutras, Martin
Leclair, Grégoire
St-Jean, Isabelle
Kleinert, Christine
Gagné, François
Gagnon, Christian
Evaluation of uptake of the cytostatic methotrexate in Elliptio complanata mussels by LC–MS/MS
title Evaluation of uptake of the cytostatic methotrexate in Elliptio complanata mussels by LC–MS/MS
title_full Evaluation of uptake of the cytostatic methotrexate in Elliptio complanata mussels by LC–MS/MS
title_fullStr Evaluation of uptake of the cytostatic methotrexate in Elliptio complanata mussels by LC–MS/MS
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of uptake of the cytostatic methotrexate in Elliptio complanata mussels by LC–MS/MS
title_short Evaluation of uptake of the cytostatic methotrexate in Elliptio complanata mussels by LC–MS/MS
title_sort evaluation of uptake of the cytostatic methotrexate in elliptio complanata mussels by lc–ms/ms
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9209350/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35146607
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19064-7
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