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Low-noise frequency-agile photonic integrated lasers for coherent ranging

Frequency modulated continuous wave laser ranging (FMCW LiDAR) enables distance mapping with simultaneous position and velocity information, is immune to stray light, can achieve long range, operate in the eye-safe region of 1550 nm and achieve high sensitivity. Despite its advantages, it is compoun...

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Autores principales: Lihachev, Grigory, Riemensberger, Johann, Weng, Wenle, Liu, Junqiu, Tian, Hao, Siddharth, Anat, Snigirev, Viacheslav, Shadymov, Vladimir, Voloshin, Andrey, Wang, Rui Ning, He, Jijun, Bhave, Sunil A., Kippenberg, Tobias J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9209488/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35725718
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30911-6
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author Lihachev, Grigory
Riemensberger, Johann
Weng, Wenle
Liu, Junqiu
Tian, Hao
Siddharth, Anat
Snigirev, Viacheslav
Shadymov, Vladimir
Voloshin, Andrey
Wang, Rui Ning
He, Jijun
Bhave, Sunil A.
Kippenberg, Tobias J.
author_facet Lihachev, Grigory
Riemensberger, Johann
Weng, Wenle
Liu, Junqiu
Tian, Hao
Siddharth, Anat
Snigirev, Viacheslav
Shadymov, Vladimir
Voloshin, Andrey
Wang, Rui Ning
He, Jijun
Bhave, Sunil A.
Kippenberg, Tobias J.
author_sort Lihachev, Grigory
collection PubMed
description Frequency modulated continuous wave laser ranging (FMCW LiDAR) enables distance mapping with simultaneous position and velocity information, is immune to stray light, can achieve long range, operate in the eye-safe region of 1550 nm and achieve high sensitivity. Despite its advantages, it is compounded by the simultaneous requirement of both narrow linewidth low noise lasers that can be precisely chirped. While integrated silicon-based lasers, compatible with wafer scale manufacturing in large volumes at low cost, have experienced major advances and are now employed on a commercial scale in data centers, and impressive progress has led to integrated lasers with (ultra) narrow sub-100 Hz-level intrinsic linewidth based on optical feedback from photonic circuits, these lasers presently lack fast nonthermal tuning, i.e. frequency agility as required for coherent ranging. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid photonic integrated laser that exhibits very narrow intrinsic linewidth of 25 Hz while offering linear, hysteresis-free, and mode-hop-free-tuning beyond 1 GHz with up to megahertz actuation bandwidth constituting 1.6 × 10(15) Hz/s tuning speed. Our approach uses foundry-based technologies - ultralow-loss (1 dB/m) Si(3)N(4) photonic microresonators, combined with aluminium nitride (AlN) or lead zirconium titanate (PZT) microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based stress-optic actuation. Electrically driven low-phase-noise lasing is attained by self-injection locking of an Indium Phosphide (InP) laser chip and only limited by fundamental thermo-refractive noise at mid-range offsets. By utilizing difference-drive and apodization of the photonic chip to suppress mechanical vibrations of the chip, a flat actuation response up to 10 MHz is achieved. We leverage this capability to demonstrate a compact coherent LiDAR engine that can generate up to 800 kHz FMCW triangular optical chirp signals, requiring neither any active linearization nor predistortion compensation, and perform a 10 m optical ranging experiment, with a resolution of 12.5 cm. Our results constitute a photonic integrated laser system for scenarios where high compactness, fast frequency actuation, and high spectral purity are required.
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spelling pubmed-92094882022-06-22 Low-noise frequency-agile photonic integrated lasers for coherent ranging Lihachev, Grigory Riemensberger, Johann Weng, Wenle Liu, Junqiu Tian, Hao Siddharth, Anat Snigirev, Viacheslav Shadymov, Vladimir Voloshin, Andrey Wang, Rui Ning He, Jijun Bhave, Sunil A. Kippenberg, Tobias J. Nat Commun Article Frequency modulated continuous wave laser ranging (FMCW LiDAR) enables distance mapping with simultaneous position and velocity information, is immune to stray light, can achieve long range, operate in the eye-safe region of 1550 nm and achieve high sensitivity. Despite its advantages, it is compounded by the simultaneous requirement of both narrow linewidth low noise lasers that can be precisely chirped. While integrated silicon-based lasers, compatible with wafer scale manufacturing in large volumes at low cost, have experienced major advances and are now employed on a commercial scale in data centers, and impressive progress has led to integrated lasers with (ultra) narrow sub-100 Hz-level intrinsic linewidth based on optical feedback from photonic circuits, these lasers presently lack fast nonthermal tuning, i.e. frequency agility as required for coherent ranging. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid photonic integrated laser that exhibits very narrow intrinsic linewidth of 25 Hz while offering linear, hysteresis-free, and mode-hop-free-tuning beyond 1 GHz with up to megahertz actuation bandwidth constituting 1.6 × 10(15) Hz/s tuning speed. Our approach uses foundry-based technologies - ultralow-loss (1 dB/m) Si(3)N(4) photonic microresonators, combined with aluminium nitride (AlN) or lead zirconium titanate (PZT) microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based stress-optic actuation. Electrically driven low-phase-noise lasing is attained by self-injection locking of an Indium Phosphide (InP) laser chip and only limited by fundamental thermo-refractive noise at mid-range offsets. By utilizing difference-drive and apodization of the photonic chip to suppress mechanical vibrations of the chip, a flat actuation response up to 10 MHz is achieved. We leverage this capability to demonstrate a compact coherent LiDAR engine that can generate up to 800 kHz FMCW triangular optical chirp signals, requiring neither any active linearization nor predistortion compensation, and perform a 10 m optical ranging experiment, with a resolution of 12.5 cm. Our results constitute a photonic integrated laser system for scenarios where high compactness, fast frequency actuation, and high spectral purity are required. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-06-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9209488/ /pubmed/35725718 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30911-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Lihachev, Grigory
Riemensberger, Johann
Weng, Wenle
Liu, Junqiu
Tian, Hao
Siddharth, Anat
Snigirev, Viacheslav
Shadymov, Vladimir
Voloshin, Andrey
Wang, Rui Ning
He, Jijun
Bhave, Sunil A.
Kippenberg, Tobias J.
Low-noise frequency-agile photonic integrated lasers for coherent ranging
title Low-noise frequency-agile photonic integrated lasers for coherent ranging
title_full Low-noise frequency-agile photonic integrated lasers for coherent ranging
title_fullStr Low-noise frequency-agile photonic integrated lasers for coherent ranging
title_full_unstemmed Low-noise frequency-agile photonic integrated lasers for coherent ranging
title_short Low-noise frequency-agile photonic integrated lasers for coherent ranging
title_sort low-noise frequency-agile photonic integrated lasers for coherent ranging
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9209488/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35725718
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30911-6
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