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Epstein–Barr virus tegument protein BGLF2 in exosomes released from virus-producing cells facilitates de novo infection
BACKGROUND: Viruses must adapt to the environment of their host cells to establish infection and persist. Diverse mammalian cells, including virus-infected cells, release extracellular vesicles such as exosomes containing proteins and miRNAs, and use these vesicles to mediate intercellular communica...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9210680/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35729616 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12964-022-00902-7 |
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author | Sato, Yoshitaka Yaguchi, Masahiro Okuno, Yusuke Ishimaru, Hanako Sagou, Ken Ozaki, Somi Suzuki, Takeshi Inagaki, Tomoki Umeda, Miki Watanabe, Takahiro Fujimuro, Masahiro Murata, Takayuki Kimura, Hiroshi |
author_facet | Sato, Yoshitaka Yaguchi, Masahiro Okuno, Yusuke Ishimaru, Hanako Sagou, Ken Ozaki, Somi Suzuki, Takeshi Inagaki, Tomoki Umeda, Miki Watanabe, Takahiro Fujimuro, Masahiro Murata, Takayuki Kimura, Hiroshi |
author_sort | Sato, Yoshitaka |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Viruses must adapt to the environment of their host cells to establish infection and persist. Diverse mammalian cells, including virus-infected cells, release extracellular vesicles such as exosomes containing proteins and miRNAs, and use these vesicles to mediate intercellular communication. However, the roles of exosomes in viral infection remain unclear. RESULTS: We screened viral proteins to identify those responsible for the exosome-mediated enhancement of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. We identified BGLF2 protein encapsulated in exosomes, which were released by EBV-infected cells. BGLF2 protein is a tegument protein that exists in the space between the envelope and nucleocapsid, and it is released into the cytoplasm shortly after infection. BGLF2 protein-containing exosomes enhanced viral gene expression and repressed innate immunity, thereby supporting the EBV infection. CONCLUSIONS: The EBV tegument protein BGLF2 is encapsulated in exosomes and released by infected cells to facilitate the establishment of EBV infection. These findings suggest that tegument proteins support viral infection not only between the envelope and nucleocapsid, as well as in extraviral particles such as exosomes. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12964-022-00902-7. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9210680 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-92106802022-06-22 Epstein–Barr virus tegument protein BGLF2 in exosomes released from virus-producing cells facilitates de novo infection Sato, Yoshitaka Yaguchi, Masahiro Okuno, Yusuke Ishimaru, Hanako Sagou, Ken Ozaki, Somi Suzuki, Takeshi Inagaki, Tomoki Umeda, Miki Watanabe, Takahiro Fujimuro, Masahiro Murata, Takayuki Kimura, Hiroshi Cell Commun Signal Research BACKGROUND: Viruses must adapt to the environment of their host cells to establish infection and persist. Diverse mammalian cells, including virus-infected cells, release extracellular vesicles such as exosomes containing proteins and miRNAs, and use these vesicles to mediate intercellular communication. However, the roles of exosomes in viral infection remain unclear. RESULTS: We screened viral proteins to identify those responsible for the exosome-mediated enhancement of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. We identified BGLF2 protein encapsulated in exosomes, which were released by EBV-infected cells. BGLF2 protein is a tegument protein that exists in the space between the envelope and nucleocapsid, and it is released into the cytoplasm shortly after infection. BGLF2 protein-containing exosomes enhanced viral gene expression and repressed innate immunity, thereby supporting the EBV infection. CONCLUSIONS: The EBV tegument protein BGLF2 is encapsulated in exosomes and released by infected cells to facilitate the establishment of EBV infection. These findings suggest that tegument proteins support viral infection not only between the envelope and nucleocapsid, as well as in extraviral particles such as exosomes. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12964-022-00902-7. BioMed Central 2022-06-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9210680/ /pubmed/35729616 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12964-022-00902-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Sato, Yoshitaka Yaguchi, Masahiro Okuno, Yusuke Ishimaru, Hanako Sagou, Ken Ozaki, Somi Suzuki, Takeshi Inagaki, Tomoki Umeda, Miki Watanabe, Takahiro Fujimuro, Masahiro Murata, Takayuki Kimura, Hiroshi Epstein–Barr virus tegument protein BGLF2 in exosomes released from virus-producing cells facilitates de novo infection |
title | Epstein–Barr virus tegument protein BGLF2 in exosomes released from virus-producing cells facilitates de novo infection |
title_full | Epstein–Barr virus tegument protein BGLF2 in exosomes released from virus-producing cells facilitates de novo infection |
title_fullStr | Epstein–Barr virus tegument protein BGLF2 in exosomes released from virus-producing cells facilitates de novo infection |
title_full_unstemmed | Epstein–Barr virus tegument protein BGLF2 in exosomes released from virus-producing cells facilitates de novo infection |
title_short | Epstein–Barr virus tegument protein BGLF2 in exosomes released from virus-producing cells facilitates de novo infection |
title_sort | epstein–barr virus tegument protein bglf2 in exosomes released from virus-producing cells facilitates de novo infection |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9210680/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35729616 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12964-022-00902-7 |
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