Transforming standard pedagogy because of the COVID-19 pandemic: how social presence could establish and apply Watson's theory within the virtual classroom

Social distancing requirements during the Covid-19 pandemic have made virtual teaching the only means available whereby students’ health can be protected as they continue their education. Two key areas to be addressed for those seeking to teach effectively online are – establishing social presence and building from that to extend care toward learners. This paper examines practical ways in which these aims may be achieved, and will hopefully promote the debate and sharing of strategies and pedagogy between nursing educators.