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Serpin–4 Facilitates Baculovirus Infection by Inhibiting Melanization in Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)

Phenoloxidase (PO)–catalyzed melanization is a vital immune response in insects for defense against pathogen infection. This process is mediated by clip domain serine proteases and regulated by members of the serpin superfamily. We here revealed that the infection of Autographa californica multicaps...

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Autores principales: Ji, Jiayue, Shen, Dongxu, Zhang, Shasha, Wang, Lei, An, Chunju
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9218052/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35757693
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.905357
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author Ji, Jiayue
Shen, Dongxu
Zhang, Shasha
Wang, Lei
An, Chunju
author_facet Ji, Jiayue
Shen, Dongxu
Zhang, Shasha
Wang, Lei
An, Chunju
author_sort Ji, Jiayue
collection PubMed
description Phenoloxidase (PO)–catalyzed melanization is a vital immune response in insects for defense against pathogen infection. This process is mediated by clip domain serine proteases and regulated by members of the serpin superfamily. We here revealed that the infection of Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) significantly inhibited the PO activity in Ostrinia furnacalis hemolymph and induced the expression of O. furnacalis serpin–4. Addition of recombinant serpin-4 protein to O. furnacalis hemolymph resulted in a great increase of AcMNPV copies. Serpin-4 significantly suppressed the PO activity and the amidase activity in cleaving colorimetric substrate IEARpNA (IEARase activity) of hemolymph. Further experiments indicated it formed covalent complexes with three serine proteases (SP1, SP13 and SP105) and prevented them from cleaving their cognate downstream proteases in vitro. Altogether, O. furnacalis melanization restricted AcMNPV replication and serpin-4 facilitated AcMNPV infection by inhibiting serine proteases, SP1, SP13, and SP105 which were all involved in the melanization response.
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spelling pubmed-92180522022-06-24 Serpin–4 Facilitates Baculovirus Infection by Inhibiting Melanization in Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) Ji, Jiayue Shen, Dongxu Zhang, Shasha Wang, Lei An, Chunju Front Immunol Immunology Phenoloxidase (PO)–catalyzed melanization is a vital immune response in insects for defense against pathogen infection. This process is mediated by clip domain serine proteases and regulated by members of the serpin superfamily. We here revealed that the infection of Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) significantly inhibited the PO activity in Ostrinia furnacalis hemolymph and induced the expression of O. furnacalis serpin–4. Addition of recombinant serpin-4 protein to O. furnacalis hemolymph resulted in a great increase of AcMNPV copies. Serpin-4 significantly suppressed the PO activity and the amidase activity in cleaving colorimetric substrate IEARpNA (IEARase activity) of hemolymph. Further experiments indicated it formed covalent complexes with three serine proteases (SP1, SP13 and SP105) and prevented them from cleaving their cognate downstream proteases in vitro. Altogether, O. furnacalis melanization restricted AcMNPV replication and serpin-4 facilitated AcMNPV infection by inhibiting serine proteases, SP1, SP13, and SP105 which were all involved in the melanization response. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9218052/ /pubmed/35757693 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.905357 Text en Copyright © 2022 Ji, Shen, Zhang, Wang and An https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Ji, Jiayue
Shen, Dongxu
Zhang, Shasha
Wang, Lei
An, Chunju
Serpin–4 Facilitates Baculovirus Infection by Inhibiting Melanization in Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)
title Serpin–4 Facilitates Baculovirus Infection by Inhibiting Melanization in Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)
title_full Serpin–4 Facilitates Baculovirus Infection by Inhibiting Melanization in Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)
title_fullStr Serpin–4 Facilitates Baculovirus Infection by Inhibiting Melanization in Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)
title_full_unstemmed Serpin–4 Facilitates Baculovirus Infection by Inhibiting Melanization in Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)
title_short Serpin–4 Facilitates Baculovirus Infection by Inhibiting Melanization in Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)
title_sort serpin–4 facilitates baculovirus infection by inhibiting melanization in asian corn borer, ostrinia furnacalis (guenée)
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9218052/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35757693
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.905357
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